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Word

国有 (guó yǒu) — Chinese word meaning

HSK 7

国有 (guó yǒu) is a Chinese word: state-owned. This page shows its pinyin, translation, example sentences, character breakdown, decomposition, and HSK level.

Meaning of 国有

动 dòng verb

state-owned

这家公司是国有企业。

zhè jiā gōng sī shì guó yǒu qǐ yè

This company is a state-owned enterprise.

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Word breakdown

国 guó — state, nation

Words with this character (26)
  • 1 中国 Zhōng guó — China HSK 1
    • 中 middle, central
    • 国 country, nation, state
    Example

    中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

    Zhōng guó shì yí gè lì shǐ yōu jiǔ de guó jiā

    China is a country with a long history.

  • 2 出国 chū guó — go abroad HSK 2
    • 出 to go out, to exit
    • 国 country, nation
    Example

    她明年打算出国留学。

    tā míng nián dǎ suàn chū guó liú xué

    She plans to go abroad to study next year.

  • 3 外国 wài guó — foreign country HSK 2
    • 外 outside, external, foreign
    • 国 country, nation
    Example

    我想去外国学习。

    wǒ xiǎng qù wài guó xué xí

    I want to go to a foreign country to study.

  • 4 国家 guó jiā — country HSK 3
    • 国 nation, state (the political and territorial entity)
    • 家 establishment, collective entity (reinforces the concept of an organized state)
    Example

    每个国家都有自己的文化。

    měi gè guó jiā dōu yǒu zì jǐ de wén huà

    Every country has its own culture.

  • 5 国籍 guó jí — nationality HSK 4
    • 国 country, nation
    • 籍 registration, membership status
    Example

    她申请了中国国籍。

    tā shēn qǐng le Zhōng guó guó jí

    She applied for Chinese nationality.

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有 yǒu — owned, possession

Words with this character (53)
  • 1 有一点儿 yǒu yì diǎnr — a little HSK 1
    • 有 to have (forms set phrase indicating possession of a small degree)
    • 一 one (emphasizes a small, singular amount)
    • 点 a bit, a point (core element indicating small degree or amount)
    • 儿 diminutive suffix (adds colloquial, softening effect)
    Example

    我有一点儿累。

    wǒ yǒu yì diǎnr lèi

    I'm a little tired.

  • 2 有些 yǒu xiē — some HSK 1
    • 有 to have; indicates existence or degree
    • 些 some; a little; indicates an indefinite small amount or degree
    Example

    有些人喜欢喝茶。

    yǒu xiē rén xǐ huan hē chá

    Some people like to drink tea.

  • 3 有的 yǒu de — some HSK 1
    • 有 have, exist (forms the base meaning of possession/existence)
    • 的 nominalizing particle (converts the verb into a pronoun meaning 'some ones')
    Example

    有的人喜欢喝茶，有的人喜欢喝咖啡。

    yǒu de rén xǐ huan hē chá yǒu de rén xǐ huan hē kā fēi

    Some people like to drink tea, some people like to drink coffee.

  • 4 没有 méi yǒu — not have HSK 1
    • 没 negation marker (not)
    • 有 have, possess, exist
    Example

    我没有钱。

    wǒ méi yǒu qián

    I don't have money.

  • 5 有意思 yǒu yì si — interesting HSK 2
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 意 meaning, significance
    • 思 thought, thinking
    Example

    这本书很有意思。

    zhè běn shū hěn yǒu yì si

    This book is very interesting.

Show more (+48)
  • 6 有时候 yǒu shí hòu — sometimes HSK 2
    • 有 to have/exist (introduces the temporal expression)
    • 时 time/moment (the core temporal meaning)
    • 候 time/occasion (optional reinforcement of temporal meaning)
    Example

    我有时候喜欢一个人待着。

    wǒ yǒu shí hòu xǐ huān yí gè rén dāi zhe

    I sometimes like to be alone.

  • 7 只有 zhǐ yǒu — only HSK 3
    • 只 only, merely (restrictive sense)
    • 有 forms conditional conjunction (when there is/exists)
    Example

    只有努力学习，才能取得好成绩。

    zhǐ yǒu nǔ lì xué xí cái néng qǔ dé hǎo chéng jì

    Only by studying hard can you achieve good grades.

  • 8 有关 yǒu guān — to be related to HSK 3
    • 有 to have, to possess (indicates existence of relation)
    • 关 relation, connection, concern
    Example

    这本书有关中国历史。

    zhè běn shū yǒu guān zhōng guó lì shǐ

    This book is related to Chinese history.

  • 9 有名 yǒu míng — famous HSK 3
    • 有 to have, possess
    • 名 name, reputation, fame
    Example

    他是一位有名的作家。

    tā shì yī wèi yǒu míng de zuò jiā

    He is a famous writer.

  • 10 有用 yǒu yòng — useful HSK 3
    • 有 to have; indicates possession or existence
    • 用 use; utility or function
    Example

    这本书很有用。

    zhè běn shū hěn yǒu yòng

    This book is very useful.

  • 11 所有 suǒ yǒu — all; to own, to possess HSK 4
    • 所 structural particle that combines with verbs; here forms 'all/possess'
    • 有 to have, to possess; provides the core meaning of possession or totality
    Example

    所有的学生都来了。

    suǒ yǒu de xué sheng dōu lái le

    All the students came.

  • 12 有效 yǒu xiào — effective HSK 4
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 效 effect, effectiveness
    Example

    这个方法很有效。

    zhè ge fāng fǎ hěn yǒu xiào

    This method is very effective.

  • 13 有着 yǒu zhe — have HSK 4
    • 有 to have/possess (main verb)
    • 着 aspect particle indicating continuous state
    Example

    这座城市有着悠久的历史。

    zhè zuò chéng shì yǒu zhe yōu jiǔ de lì shǐ

    This city has a long history.

  • 14 有趣 yǒu qù — interesting HSK 4
    • 有 to have, to possess (indicates possession of a quality)
    • 趣 interest, amusement (the quality of being engaging)
    Example

    这本书很有趣。

    zhè běn shū hěn yǒu qù

    This book is very interesting.

  • 15 现有 xiàn yǒu — existing HSK 4
    • 现 present, current
    • 有 to exist, to have
    Example

    我们需要改进现有的系统。

    wǒ men xū yào gǎi jìn xiàn yǒu de xì tǒng

    We need to improve the existing system.

  • 16 具有 jù yǒu — to possess HSK 5
    • 具 to be equipped with, to have fully
    • 有 to have, to possess
    Example

    他具有丰富的工作经验。

    tā jù yǒu fēng fù de gōng zuò jīng yàn

    He possesses rich work experience.

  • 17 原有 yuán yǒu — original, pre-existing HSK 5
    • 原 original, former, initial
    • 有 existing, having, possessed
    Example

    系统升级后，原有的数据不会丢失。

    xì tǒng shēng jí hòu yuán yǒu de shù jù bù huì diū shī

    After the system upgrade, the original data will not be lost.

  • 18 含有 hán yǒu — to contain HSK 5
    • 含 to hold, to contain within
    • 有 to possess, to have
    Example

    这种水果含有丰富的维生素C。

    zhè zhǒng shuǐ guǒ hán yǒu fēng fù de wéi shēng sù C

    This fruit contains abundant vitamin C.

  • 19 富有 fù yǒu — wealthy HSK 5
    • 富 wealth, richness, abundance
    • 有 to possess, to have
    Example

    她来自一个富有的家庭。

    tā lái zì yí gè fù yǒu de jiā tíng

    She comes from a wealthy family.

  • 20 拥有 yōng yǒu — to possess; to have; to own HSK 5
    • 拥 to hold, to embrace (suggests actively holding or gathering something)
    • 有 to have, to possess (indicates the state of ownership or possession)
    Example

    每个人都应该拥有追求梦想的权利。

    měi gè rén dōu yīng gāi yōng yǒu zhuī qiú mèng xiǎng de quán lì

    Everyone should have the right to pursue their dreams.

  • 21 有利 yǒu lì — advantageous HSK 5
    • 有 to have/possess
    • 利 benefit/advantage
    Example

    这个位置对我们很有利。

    zhè ge wèi zhì duì wǒ men hěn yǒu lì

    This position is very advantageous for us.

  • 22 有力 yǒu lì — powerful HSK 5
    • 有 to have, possessing
    • 力 strength, power, force
    Example

    这是一个有力的证据。

    zhè shì yí gè yǒu lì de zhèng jù

    This is powerful evidence.

  • 23 有助于 yǒu zhù yú — be helpful to HSK 5
    • 有 to have (indicates the presence of helpfulness)
    • 助 help, assistance (the core meaning of being helpful)
    • 于 to, for (indicates the target or object of help)
    Example

    运动有助于健康。

    yùn dòng yǒu zhù yú jiàn kāng

    Exercise is helpful to health.

  • 24 有害 yǒu hài — harmful HSK 5
    • 有 to have/possess (forms part of adjective meaning 'having harm')
    • 害 harm/damage/injury (the core negative meaning)
    Example

    吸烟对健康有害。

    xī yān duì jiàn kāng yǒu hài

    Smoking is harmful to health.

  • 25 有益 yǒu yì — beneficial HSK 5
    • 有 to have, possessing
    • 益 benefit, advantage
    Example

    运动对健康有益。

    yùn dòng duì jiàn kāng yǒu yì

    Exercise is beneficial for health.

  • 26 有限 yǒu xiàn — limited HSK 5
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 限 limit, boundary, restriction
    Example

    我们的时间有限。

    wǒ men de shí jiān yǒu xiàn

    Our time is limited.

  • 27 特有 tè yǒu — unique, characteristic, peculiar to HSK 5
    • 特 special, particular, distinctive
    • 有 to have, to possess
    Example

    熊猫是中国特有的动物。

    xióng māo shì Zhōng guó tè yǒu de dòng wù

    Pandas are animals unique to China.

  • 28 占有 zhàn yǒu — to possess HSK 6
    • 占 occupy, take control of
    • 有 have, possess
    Example

    他占有公司30%的股份。

    tā zhàn yǒu gōng sī bǎi fēn zhī sān shí de gǔ fèn

    He possesses 30% of the company's shares.

  • 29 持有 chí yǒu — to hold, to possess HSK 6
    • 持 to hold, to grasp, to maintain
    • 有 to have, to possess
    Example

    他持有这家公司的股份。

    tā chí yǒu zhè jiā gōng sī de gǔ fèn

    He holds shares in this company.

  • 30 有劲 yǒu jìn — energetic, vigorous HSK 6
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 劲 strength, energy, vigor
    Example

    他今天看起来很有劲。

    tā jīn tiān kàn qǐ lái hěn yǒu jìn

    He looks very energetic today.

  • 31 有序 yǒu xù — orderly HSK 6
    • 有 having, possessing (indicates the presence of order)
    • 序 order, sequence (the quality of being organized)
    Example

    市民有序地排队等候。

    shì mín yǒu xù de pái duì děng hòu

    Citizens queue up in an orderly manner.

  • 32 有机 yǒu jī — organic HSK 6
    • 有 to have, possessing
    • 机 mechanism, organization, structure
    Example

    我喜欢吃有机蔬菜。

    wǒ xǐ huān chī yǒu jī shū cài

    I like to eat organic vegetables.

  • 33 一无所有 yì wú suǒ yǒu — to have nothing at all HSK 7
    • 一 one; even one (emphasizing totality)
    • 无 not have; without
    • 所 structural particle (forming 所有: possessions)
    • 有 have; possess
    Example

    她离开家时一无所有，但现在很成功。

    tā lí kāi jiā shí yì wú suǒ yǒu dàn xiàn zài hěn chéng gōng

    When she left home she had nothing, but now she is very successful.

  • 34 享有 xiǎng yǒu — to enjoy, to possess HSK 7
    • 享 to enjoy, to partake in
    • 有 to have, to possess
    Example

    所有公民都享有平等的权利。

    suǒ yǒu gōng mín dōu xiǎng yǒu píng děng de quán lì

    All citizens enjoy equal rights.

  • 35 前所未有 qián suǒ wèi yǒu — unprecedented HSK 7
    • 前 before, previous
    • 所 that which (nominalizing particle)
    • 未 not yet, never
    • 有 to have, to exist
    Example

    这是一次前所未有的挑战。

    zhè shì yī cì qián suǒ wèi yǒu de tiǎo zhàn

    This is an unprecedented challenge.

  • 36 唯有 wéi yǒu — only HSK 7
    • 唯 only, solely, exclusively
    • 有 to have, there is
    Example

    唯有努力才能成功。

    wéi yǒu nǔ lì cái néng chéng gōng

    Only through hard work can one succeed.

  • 37 固有 gù yǒu — inherent HSK 7
    • 固 firm, fixed
    • 有 possess, have
    Example

    每个民族都有其固有的文化传统。

    měi gè mín zú dōu yǒu qí gù yǒu de wén huà chuán tǒng

    Every nation has its inherent cultural traditions.

  • 38 大有可为 dà yǒu kě wéi — have great potential HSK 7
    • 大 great, significant
    • 有 have, possess
    • 可 can, possible
    • 为 do, accomplish
    Example

    我相信这个项目大有可为。

    wǒ xiāng xìn zhè ge xiàng mù dà yǒu kě wéi

    I believe this project has great potential.

  • 39 岂有此理 qǐ yǒu cǐ lǐ — Outrageous! Preposterous! HSK 7
    • 岂 rhetorical question particle meaning 'how could' or 'how can'
    • 有 to have, to exist
    • 此 this (demonstrative pronoun)
    • 理 reason, logic, principle
    Example

    他竟然这样做，真是岂有此理！

    tā jìng rán zhè yàng zuò zhēn shì qǐ yǒu cǐ lǐ

    He actually did this, how outrageous!

  • 40 应有尽有 yīng yǒu jìn yǒu — have everything, everything is available HSK 7
    • 应 should, ought to - indicates what ought to be present
    • 有 have, exist - indicates possession or existence
    • 尽 exhaust, complete, all - emphasizes completeness and totality
    • 有 have, exist - reiterates possession or existence
    Example

    这个超市应有尽有，什么都能买到。

    zhè ge chāo shì yīng yǒu jìn yǒu shén me dōu néng mǎi dào

    This supermarket has everything, you can buy anything.

  • 41 彬彬有礼 bīnbīn yǒu lǐ — polite and courteous HSK 7
    • 彬 refined, elegant (first character in reduplication)
    • 彬 refined, elegant (second character for emphasis)
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 礼 courtesy, propriety, manners
    Example

    这位年轻人彬彬有礼，给大家留下了很好的印象。

    zhè wèi niánqīng rén bīnbīn yǒu lǐ gěi dàjiā liú xià le hěn hǎo de yìnxiàng

    This young person is polite and courteous, leaving everyone with a very good impression.

  • 42 有声有色 yǒu shēng yǒu sè — vivid and dramatic HSK 7
    • 有 to have (first part of parallel structure)
    • 声 sound, voice (auditory element)
    • 有 to have (second part of parallel structure)
    • 色 color (visual element)
    Example

    他讲故事总是有声有色，大家都爱听。

    tā jiǎng gù shi zǒng shì yǒu shēng yǒu sè dà jiā dōu ài tīng

    He always tells stories vividly and dramatically, everyone loves to listen.

  • 43 有幸 yǒu xìng — to have the honor HSK 7
    • 有 to have, to possess
    • 幸 fortune, honor, luck
    Example

    我有幸见到了那位著名作家。

    wǒ yǒu xìng jiàn dào le nà wèi zhù míng zuò jiā

    I had the honor of meeting that famous writer.

  • 44 有待 yǒu dài — remain to be; need to be HSK 7
    • 有 to have; indicates existence of something pending
    • 待 to wait; indicates something awaiting action or resolution
    Example

    这个问题有待解决。

    zhè ge wèn tí yǒu dài jiě jué

    This problem remains to be solved.

  • 45 有意 yǒu yì — intentionally HSK 7
    • 有 having, possessing
    • 意 intention, purpose
    Example

    我不是有意要伤害你。

    wǒ bú shì yǒu yì yào shāng hài nǐ

    I didn't intentionally mean to hurt you.

  • 46 有望 yǒu wàng — to be expected to HSK 7
    • 有 to have (possession of hope/expectation)
    • 望 hope, expectation, prospect
    Example

    这个项目有望在年底完成。

    zhè ge xiàng mù yǒu wàng zài nián dǐ wán chéng

    This project is expected to be completed by the end of the year.

  • 47 有朝一日 yǒu zhāo yī rì — one day HSK 7
    • 有 to have, indicates existence or possibility
    • 朝 morning, day, refers to a time period
    • 一 one, specifies singularity
    • 日 day, time unit
    Example

    有朝一日，我会实现我的梦想。

    yǒu zhāo yī rì wǒ huì shí xiàn wǒ de mèng xiǎng

    One day, I will realize my dream.

  • 48 有条不紊 yǒu tiáo bù wěn — orderly and methodical HSK 7
    • 有 to have, possessing
    • 条 order, systematic arrangement
    • 不 not, negation
    • 紊 disorder, chaos
    Example

    她做事总是有条不紊，从不慌乱。

    tā zuò shì zǒng shì yǒu tiáo bù wěn cóng bù huāng luàn

    She always does things in an orderly and methodical manner, never panicking.

  • 49 有的放矢 yǒu dì fàng shǐ — to have a clear aim; targeted; purposeful HSK 7
    • 有 to have; indicates possession of a target
    • 的 target; the mark or objective to aim at
    • 放 to release/shoot; the action of shooting an arrow
    • 矢 arrow; the projectile being aimed and shot
    Example

    我们应该有的放矢地解决问题，不能盲目行动。

    wǒ men yīng gāi yǒu dì fàng shǐ de jiě jué wèn tí bù néng máng mù xíng dòng

    We should solve problems with a clear aim, not act blindly.

  • 50 津津有味 jīn jīn yǒu wèi — with great relish; with keen interest HSK 7
    • 津 saliva; expressing eager anticipation
    • 津 repeated for emphasis; intensifying the sense of relish
    • 有 to have; possessing
    • 味 taste; flavor; interest
    Example

    孩子们津津有味地听老师讲故事。

    hái zi men jīn jīn yǒu wèi de tīng lǎo shī jiǎng gù shi

    The children listened to the teacher telling stories with keen interest.

  • 51 私有 sī yǒu — private HSK 7
    • 私 private, personal
    • 有 to own, to possess
    Example

    这是私有财产，请勿进入。

    zhè shì sī yǒu cái chǎn qǐng wù jìn rù

    This is private property, please do not enter.

  • 52 稀有 xī yǒu — rare HSK 7
    • 稀 sparse, scarce, few
    • 有 to exist, to have
    Example

    大熊猫是中国的稀有动物。

    dà xióng māo shì Zhōng guó de xī yǒu dòng wù

    The giant panda is a rare animal in China.

  • 53 胸有成竹 xiōng yǒu chéng zhú — to have a well-thought-out plan; to be fully prepared and confident HSK 7
    • 胸 chest; represents the inner mind where the plan is held
    • 有 to have; indicates possession of the plan
    • 成 complete; indicates the plan is fully formed
    • 竹 bamboo; refers to the complete bamboo painting visualized in mind
    Example

    经过充分的准备，我对明天的面试胸有成竹。

    jīng guò chōng fèn de zhǔn bèi wǒ duì míng tiān de miàn shì xiōng yǒu chéng zhú

    After thorough preparation, I am fully confident about tomorrow's interview.

Structure & writing
1 国 guó — country; nation; state

国 is not used as a component in any other character.

consists of

1.1 囗 wéi — enclosure, surrounding boundary
囗 is a component in 16 characters
HSK 1
回 huí to wind, circle, or rotate 国 guó country; nation; state 西 xī west (one of the four cardinal directions, the side where the sun sets; opposite of '东')
HSK 2
因 yīn cause; reason (opposite of 果)
HSK 3
园 yuán garden (for growing vegetables, flowers, or fruit) 图 tú image depicted by drawing or painting
HSK 4
困 kùn to be trapped in hardship or difficulty; unable to break free from circumstances 围 wéi to surround; to encircle
HSK 5
团 tuán round; circular 固 gù firm; sturdy 圆 yuán plane figure enclosed by a circle
HSK 6
圈 quān circular route; loop; lap 菌 jūn microorganism (bacteria, fungi, mold, etc.); esp. pathogenic bacteria
HSK 7
卤 lǔ bittern; the bitter black liquid remaining after salt crystallization, a mixture of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium bromide, and sodium chloride 囚 qiú to imprison; to incarcerate 囱 cōng chimney; flue for stove or boiler
1.2 玉 yù — jade; a fine-grained, hard, lustrous mineral used for ornaments and carvings
玉 is a component in 5 characters
HSK 1
国 guó country; nation; state
HSK 3
全 quán complete, whole, lacking nothing
HSK 4
弄 nòng to handle, fiddle with, or play with something
HSK 5
宝 bǎo treasure; precious thing
HSK 7
莹 yíng (lit.) a smooth, jade-like stone

Stroke order

2 有 yǒu — to have; to possess (opposite of "无/没")
有 is a component in 4 characters
HSK 4
随 suí to follow
HSK 7
肴 yáo cooked meat or fish dishes 贿 huì (lit.) wealth; goods 郁 yù richly fragrant; strongly aromatic

有 is an atomic character — it does not decompose further.

Stroke order