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总而言之 (zǒng ér yán zhī) — Chinese word meaning

HSK 7

总而言之 (zǒng ér yán zhī) is a Chinese word: in summary. This page shows its pinyin, translation, example sentences, character breakdown, decomposition, and HSK level.

Meaning of 总而言之

短语 duǎn yǔ phrase

in summary

总而言之，学习中文需要耐心和努力。

zǒng ér yán zhī xué xí zhōng wén xū yào nài xīn hé nǔ lì

In summary, learning Chinese requires patience and effort.

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Word breakdown

总 zǒng — overall, general (provides the summarizing aspect)

Words with this character (14)
  • 1 总是 zǒng shì — always HSK 3
    • 总 overall, in all cases
    • 是 particle that combines with 总 to form the adverb 'always'
    Example

    他总是迟到。

    tā zǒng shì chí dào

    He is always late.

  • 2 总结 zǒng jié — to summarize HSK 4
    • 总 overall, general, comprehensive
    • 结 conclusion, to conclude, to tie up
    Example

    老师让学生总结今天学到的内容。

    lǎo shī ràng xué sheng zǒng jié jīn tiān xué dào de nèi róng

    The teacher asked the students to summarize what they learned today.

  • 3 总之 zǒng zhī — in short HSK 5
    • 总 overall, general (indicating summation)
    • 之 classical particle (grammatical complement)
    Example

    总之，我们要努力学习。

    zǒng zhī wǒ men yào nǔ lì xué xí

    In short, we need to study hard.

  • 4 总体 zǒng tǐ — overall HSK 5
    • 总 total, entire, whole
    • 体 body, entity, system
    Example

    总体情况很好。

    zǒng tǐ qíng kuàng hěn hǎo

    The overall situation is very good.

  • 5 总共 zǒng gòng — in total HSK 5
    • 总 total, overall
    • 共 together, altogether
    Example

    我们班总共有三十个学生。

    wǒ men bān zǒng gòng yǒu sān shí gè xué sheng

    Our class has thirty students in total.

Show more (+9)
  • 6 总数 zǒng shù — total number HSK 5
    • 总 total, overall
    • 数 number, count
    Example

    学生总数超过了一千人。

    xué shēng zǒng shù chāo guò le yì qiān rén

    The total number of students exceeded one thousand.

  • 7 总统 zǒng tǒng — president HSK 5
    • 总 chief, overall, supreme
    • 统 govern, leadership, system
    Example

    美国总统住在白宫。

    Měi guó zǒng tǒng zhù zài Bái gōng

    The US president lives in the White House.

  • 8 总部 zǒng bù — headquarters HSK 5
    • 总 chief, main, overall
    • 部 department, office, division
    Example

    公司总部设在北京。

    gōng sī zǒng bù shè zài Běi jīng

    The company headquarters is located in Beijing.

  • 9 总理 zǒng lǐ — premier HSK 6
    • 总 chief, head (indicates highest level)
    • 理 manage, govern (indicates administrative function)
    Example

    我们国家的总理很关心教育问题。

    wǒ men guó jiā de zǒng lǐ hěn guān xīn jiào yù wèn tí

    Our country's premier is very concerned about education issues.

  • 10 总算 zǒng suàn — finally HSK 6
    • 总 overall, all things considered
    • 算 count, reckon, consider
    Example

    雨总算停了。

    yǔ zǒng suàn tíng le

    The rain finally stopped.

  • 11 总裁 zǒng cái — president HSK 6
    • 总 chief, overall
    • 裁 authority, decision-maker
    Example

    他是这家公司的总裁。

    tā shì zhè jiā gōng sī de zǒng cái

    He is the president of this company.

  • 12 总计 zǒng jì — to total HSK 6
    • 总 total, overall
    • 计 to count, to calculate
    Example

    所有费用总计五千元。

    suǒ yǒu fèi yòng zǒng jì wǔ qiān yuán

    All expenses totaled five thousand yuan.

  • 13 总和 zǒng hé — sum, total HSK 7
    • 总 total, overall
    • 和 sum, combined result
    Example

    这些数字的总和是一百。

    zhè xiē shù zì de zǒng hé shì yī bǎi

    The sum of these numbers is one hundred.

  • 14 总额 zǒng é — total amount HSK 7
    • 总 total, overall
    • 额 amount, sum
    Example

    合同总额超过了我们的预算。

    hé tong zǒng é chāo guò le wǒ men de yù suàn

    The contract total amount exceeded our budget.

而 ér — and (grammatical connector linking 'overall' to 'speaking')

Words with this character (29)
  • 1 而且 ér qiě — moreover HSK 3
    • 而 connecting particle (and, but)
    • 且 moreover, also (adds emphasis)
    Example

    她不仅会说中文，而且会说英文。

    tā bù jǐn huì shuō zhōng wén ér qiě huì shuō yīng wén

    She not only speaks Chinese, but also speaks English.

  • 2 然而 rán ér — however HSK 4
    • 然 so, thus (establishes a state or condition)
    • 而 but, yet (provides contrastive conjunction)
    Example

    他很努力，然而结果并不理想。

    tā hěn nǔ lì rán ér jié guǒ bìng bù lǐ xiǎng

    He worked very hard, however the result was not ideal.

  • 3 从而 cóng ér — thereby HSK 5
    • 从 following from, proceeding from
    • 而 and then, consequently
    Example

    公司改进了管理方法，从而提高了效率。

    gōng sī gǎi jìn le guǎn lǐ fāng fǎ cóng ér tí gāo le xiào lǜ

    The company improved its management methods, thereby increasing efficiency.

  • 4 反而 fǎn ér — on the contrary HSK 5
    • 反 opposite, contrary
    • 而 conjunction emphasizing contrast
    Example

    他不但没有生气，反而笑了。

    tā bù dàn méi yǒu shēng qì fǎn ér xiào le

    He not only didn't get angry, but instead laughed.

  • 5 因而 yīn ér — therefore HSK 5
    • 因 cause, reason
    • 而 connecting particle (links cause to effect)
    Example

    他生病了，因而没来上课。

    tā shēng bìng le yīn ér méi lái shàng kè

    He got sick, therefore he didn't come to class.

Show more (+24)

言 yán — to speak, words (indicates verbal expression)

Words with this character (25)
  • 1 语言 yǔ yán — language HSK 3
    • 语 speech, words
    • 言 words, expression
    Example

    学习一门新语言需要时间和耐心。

    xué xí yī mén xīn yǔ yán xū yào shí jiān hé nài xīn

    Learning a new language requires time and patience.

  • 2 发言 fā yán — to speak HSK 5
    • 发 to express, to put forth
    • 言 speech, words
    Example

    他在会议上发言了。

    tā zài huì yì shàng fā yán le

    He spoke at the meeting.

  • 3 留言 liú yán — leave a message HSK 5
    • 留 to leave (behind)
    • 言 words, speech
    Example

    我给他留言了，但他还没回复。

    wǒ gěi tā liú yán le dàn tā hái méi huí fù

    I left him a message, but he hasn't replied yet.

  • 4 方言 fāng yán — dialect HSK 6
    • 方 region, locality
    • 言 speech, language
    Example

    我听不懂这里的方言。

    wǒ tīng bu dǒng zhè lǐ de fāng yán

    I can't understand the local dialect here.

  • 5 自言自语 zì yán zì yǔ — talk to oneself HSK 6
    • 自 self, oneself (reflexive)
    • 言 speak, words, verbal expression
    • 自 self, oneself (repeated for emphasis)
    • 语 language, speech, spoken words
    Example

    他经常自言自语，让人觉得很奇怪。

    tā jīng cháng zì yán zì yǔ ràng rén jué de hěn qí guài

    He often talks to himself, which makes people feel it's strange.

Show more (+20)

之 zhī — it (classical particle completing the phrase)

Words with this character (24)
  • 1 之中 zhī zhōng — among, within HSK 4
    • 之 classical possessive/attributive particle
    • 中 middle, among, within
    Example

    在众多选择之中，这是最好的。

    zài zhòng duō xuǎn zé zhī zhōng zhè shì zuì hǎo de

    Among many choices, this is the best.

  • 2 之前 zhī qián — before HSK 4
    • 之 connecting particle linking time reference to 'before'
    • 前 before, prior, anteriority in time
    Example

    三年之前我不会说中文。

    sān nián zhī qián wǒ bù huì shuō zhōng wén

    Three years ago, I couldn't speak Chinese.

  • 3 之后 zhī hòu — after HSK 4
    • 之 classical linking particle connecting to the temporal concept
    • 后 after, later (provides the temporal meaning)
    Example

    毕业之后他去了北京工作。

    bì yè zhī hòu tā qù le běi jīng gōng zuò

    After graduation, he went to Beijing to work.

  • 4 之间 zhī jiān — between HSK 4
    • 之 classical particle connecting preceding element with '间'
    • 间 space, gap, interval between things
    Example

    我们之间没有秘密。

    wǒ men zhī jiān méi yǒu mì mì

    There are no secrets between us.

  • 5 总之 zǒng zhī — in short HSK 5
    • 总 overall, general (indicating summation)
    • 之 classical particle (grammatical complement)
    Example

    总之，我们要努力学习。

    zǒng zhī wǒ men yào nǔ lì xué xí

    In short, we need to study hard.

Show more (+19)
  • 6 之所以 zhī suǒ yǐ — the reason why HSK 6
    • 之 grammatical particle linking the reason
    • 所 that which, indicating the object or thing
    • 以 by means of, because of (causal meaning)
    Example

    我之所以学中文，是因为我喜欢中国文化。

    wǒ zhī suǒ yǐ xué zhōng wén shì yīn wèi wǒ xǐ huān zhōng guó wén huà

    The reason why I study Chinese is because I like Chinese culture.

  • 7 一技之长 yī jì zhī cháng — a special skill; a particular forte HSK 7
    • 一 one; a specific
    • 技 skill; craft
    • 之 possessive particle (of)
    • 长 strong point; forte
    Example

    他虽然学历不高，但有一技之长，生活得很好。

    tā suī rán xué lì bù gāo dàn yǒu yī jì zhī cháng shēng huó de hěn hǎo

    Although he doesn't have high education, he has a special skill and lives well.

  • 8 不了了之 bù liǎo liǎo zhī — to leave something unresolved HSK 7
    • 不 not; negates the action of concluding
    • 了 to finish, to settle; indicates completion
    • 了 to finish; reinforces the sense of completion
    • 之 it, this (classical particle); refers to the matter
    Example

    这件事不能不了了之，我们必须找到解决办法。

    zhè jiàn shì bù néng bù liǎo liǎo zhī wǒ men bì xū zhǎo dào jiě jué bàn fǎ

    This matter cannot be left unresolved; we must find a solution.

  • 9 不正之风 bù zhèng zhī fēng — unhealthy trends HSK 7
    • 不 not, negation marker
    • 正 proper, correct, righteous
    • 之 of (classical possessive marker)
    • 风 wind, trend, custom, atmosphere
    Example

    我们必须坚决抵制社会上的不正之风。

    wǒ men bì xū jiān jué dǐ zhì shè huì shàng de bù zhèng zhī fēng

    We must firmly resist unhealthy trends in society.

  • 10 之际 zhī jì — at the time of HSK 7
    • 之 structural particle linking the preceding element
    • 际 time, occasion, juncture
    Example

    新年之际，祝你万事如意。

    xīn nián zhī jì zhù nǐ wàn shì rú yì

    On the occasion of the New Year, I wish you all the best.

  • 11 井底之蛙 jǐng dǐ zhī wā — A frog at the bottom of a well (metaphor for someone with a narrow perspective) HSK 7
    • 井 well (a confined, narrow space symbolizing limitation)
    • 底 bottom (emphasizes the lowest position, furthest from the wider world)
    • 之 of/at (classical possessive/locative particle connecting the location to the subject)
    • 蛙 frog (the subject with limited perspective due to confined environment)
    Example

    不要做井底之蛙，要开阔眼界。

    bú yào zuò jǐng dǐ zhī wā yào kāi kuò yǎn jiè

    Don't be a frog at the bottom of a well, broaden your horizons.

  • 12 加之 jiā zhī — moreover HSK 7
    • 加 add, contributes the sense of addition
    • 之 classical particle, adds formality and connects clauses
    Example

    天气很冷，加之下雨，我们决定不出去了。

    tiān qì hěn lěng jiā zhī xià yǔ wǒ men jué dìng bù chū qù le

    The weather is very cold, and moreover it's raining, so we decided not to go out.

  • 13 反之 fǎn zhī — conversely HSK 7
    • 反 opposite, reverse
    • 之 classical particle referring to the previous situation
    Example

    他喜欢夏天，反之，我更喜欢冬天。

    tā xǐ huan xià tiān fǎn zhī wǒ gèng xǐ huan dōng tiān

    He likes summer; conversely, I prefer winter.

  • 14 取而代之 qǔ ér dài zhī — replace, take its place HSK 7
    • 取 to take, to seize
    • 而 and then, and (connects sequential actions)
    • 代 to replace, to substitute
    • 之 it, that (classical pronoun for what is replaced)
    Example

    手工劳动逐渐被机器取而代之。

    shǒu gōng láo dòng zhú jiàn bèi jī qì qǔ ér dài zhī

    Manual labor is gradually being replaced by machines.

  • 15 可乘之机 kě chéng zhī jī — opportunity to exploit HSK 7
    • 可 can, possible (indicates exploitability)
    • 乘 to take advantage of, to exploit
    • 之 grammatical particle (possessive/attributive marker)
    • 机 opportunity, chance
    Example

    公司管理松懈，给了竞争对手可乘之机。

    gōng sī guǎn lǐ sōng xiè gěi le jìng zhēng duì shǒu kě chéng zhī jī

    The company's lax management gave competitors an opportunity to exploit.

  • 16 后顾之忧 hòu gù zhī yōu — worries about the future; future troubles HSK 7
    • 后 rear; behind; what's left behind
    • 顾 look back at; be concerned about
    • 之 possessive particle (classical)
    • 忧 worry; anxiety; concern
    Example

    有了稳定的工作,他就没有后顾之忧了。

    yǒu le wěn dìng de gōng zuò tā jiù méi yǒu hòu gù zhī yōu le

    With a stable job, he no longer has worries about the future.

  • 17 天伦之乐 tiān lún zhī lè — family happiness HSK 7
    • 天 heaven/natural; indicates natural or heavenly bonds
    • 伦 relationships/ethics; refers to family relationships
    • 之 possessive particle; means 'of'
    • 乐 joy/happiness; the pleasure derived from something
    Example

    周末全家人聚在一起，享受天伦之乐。

    zhōu mò quán jiā rén jù zài yì qǐ xiǎng shòu tiān lún zhī lè

    On the weekend, the whole family gathers together and enjoys family happiness.

  • 18 当之无愧 dāng zhī wú kuì — fully deserve; well-deserved HSK 7
    • 当 to bear, to face (something deserved)
    • 之 it (referring to the honor or recognition)
    • 无 without, not have
    • 愧 shame, guilt, ashamed
    Example

    她获得这个奖项当之无愧。

    tā huò dé zhè ge jiǎng xiàng dāng zhī wú kuì

    She fully deserves this award.

  • 19 当务之急 dāng wù zhī jí — top priority HSK 7
    • 当 current, present
    • 务 affair, task, matter
    • 之 possessive particle (classical)
    • 急 urgent, pressing
    Example

    提高教育质量是国家的当务之急。

    tí gāo jiào yù zhì liàng shì guó jiā de dāng wù zhī jí

    Improving education quality is the nation's top priority.

  • 20 持之以恒 chí zhī yǐ héng — to persevere; to persist with perseverance HSK 7
    • 持 to hold; to maintain
    • 之 it; this (classical particle)
    • 以 with; by means of
    • 恒 constancy; permanence; perseverance
    Example

    只要持之以恒，你一定能成功。

    zhǐ yào chí zhī yǐ héng nǐ yí dìng néng chéng gōng

    As long as you persevere, you will definitely succeed.

  • 21 敬而远之 jìng ér yuǎn zhī — to respect but keep at a distance HSK 7
    • 敬 to respect, to revere
    • 而 but, yet (conjunction connecting respect and distance)
    • 远 far, distant (to keep at a distance)
    • 之 it, them (classical pronoun referring to the object being kept at distance)
    Example

    他对那些复杂的人际关系总是敬而远之。

    tā duì nà xiē fù zá de rén jì guān xi zǒng shì jìng ér yuǎn zhī

    He always maintains a respectful distance from those complex interpersonal relationships.

  • 22 无价之宝 wú jià zhī bǎo — priceless treasure HSK 7
    • 无 without, no
    • 价 price, value
    • 之 possessive/attributive particle
    • 宝 treasure
    Example

    健康是人生中的无价之宝。

    jiàn kāng shì rén shēng zhōng de wú jià zhī bǎo

    Health is a priceless treasure in life.

  • 23 来之不易 lái zhī bù yì — hard-won; not easily obtained HSK 7
    • 来 to come; represents the arrival or obtaining of something
    • 之 classical possessive particle; connects the components
    • 不 not; negates the following character
    • 易 easy; refers to ease or simplicity
    Example

    这个机会来之不易，你一定要把握住。

    zhè ge jī huì lái zhī bù yì nǐ yí dìng yào bǎ wò zhù

    This opportunity is hard-won, you must seize it.

  • 24 重中之重 zhòng zhōng zhī zhòng — top priority HSK 7
    • 重 important, weighty (first occurrence, indicating something of importance)
    • 中 among, within (indicating selection from a group)
    • 之 of (classical possessive particle connecting the concepts)
    • 重 important, weighty (second occurrence, completing the emphatic structure)
    Example

    教育是国家发展的重中之重。

    jiào yù shì guó jiā fā zhǎn de zhòng zhōng zhī zhòng

    Education is the top priority for national development.

Structure & writing
1 总 zǒng — to gather together, to assemble
总 is a component in 1 characters
HSK 3
聪 cōng (lit.) sense of hearing

consists of

1.1 丷 bā — divide/separate, the number eight
丷 is a component in 24 characters
HSK 1
关 guān to close; to shut 前 qián front; the direction one faces (opposite of 后) 半 bàn one half; half (used before the measure word when there is no whole number, or after when there is) 商 shāng to discuss, to consult with others 来 lái to come (toward the speaker), opposite of 去
HSK 2
旁 páng side; nearby
HSK 3
南 nán south (one of the four cardinal directions, opposite of north) 平 píng flat; level; even (like the surface of still water) 总 zǒng to gather together, to assemble
HSK 4
产 chǎn to give birth 并 bìng to merge; to combine into one 幸 xìng happy; fortunate 首 shǒu head; skull
HSK 5
善 shàn kind; benevolent; charitable (opposite of 恶)
HSK 6
兼 jiān doubled; combining two portions into one 夹 jiā to clamp; to press from both sides to hold something in place 帝 dì supreme deity or ruler of the universe in religion or mythology
HSK 7
兑 duì exchange (old gold or silver items for new ones at a jewelry shop) 兽 shòu beast; mammal (generally referring to four-legged, fur-covered mammals) 凿 záo chisel (a hand tool with a blade for carving or boring) 啬 sè miserly, stingy with money or possessions 逆 nì to go in the opposite direction (opposite of 顺)
Show more HSK 7 characters (+2)
邃 suì deep and distant (of time or space) 隧 suì tunnel; underground or mountain passage
1.2 口 kǒu — mouth (organ for eating and drinking, sometimes part of the vocal apparatus)
口 is a component in 181 characters
HSK 1
中 zhōng center; middle point equidistant from all sides 事 shì matter; affair; everything that happens in nature and society 亮 liàng bright; luminous 只 zhǐ only; nothing else besides 叫 jiào to cry out; to shout (of people or animals expressing emotion or desire)
Show more HSK 1 characters (+19)
可 kě yes; correct; to permit 号 hào name; appellation 吃 chī to eat; to chew and swallow food (including sipping and drinking) 同 tóng same; identical (opposite of '异') 名 míng name; appellation of a person or thing 吗 ma same as "嘛" 吧 ba sentence-final particle softening tone of imperatives; expressing suggestion, consultation, command, or request 听 tīng to listen; to hear 呢 ne particle used at the end of interrogative sentences to prompt or press for an answer 和 hé harmonious; peaceful 哪 nǎ which (followed by a measure word or numeral + measure word, to identify one or more among several people or things) 唱 chàng to sing; to produce musical sounds with the voice 喂 wèi hey; hello (interjection used as a greeting) 喜 xǐ happy; joyful (opposite of 悲) 喝 hē to drink (liquid or fluid food) 回 huí to wind, circle, or rotate 知 zhī knowledge, learning 问 wèn to ask a question about something unknown or unclear 高 gāo tall; high (opposite of 'low')
HSK 2
告 gào to tell, inform, or announce something to others 周 zhōu periphery; circle 咖 kā coffee (evergreen shrub or small tree grown in the tropics; white flowers, red fruit; seeds used to make a beverage; also refers to the beverage itself) 啊 ā interjection of admiration or surprise 啡 fēi used in '咖啡' (coffee): an evergreen shrub/small tree whose roasted seeds are ground to make the beverage coffee
Show more HSK 2 characters (+1)
虽 suī although; even though (used in the first clause, often paired with 'but' in the second clause)
HSK 3
加 jiā to add together; to combine two or more things or numbers 句 jù sentence (a linguistic unit composed of words and phrases expressing a complete idea) 史 shǐ history; historical records and the study of history 合 hé to close; to shut; to bring together (opposite of 开) 员 yuán person engaged in work or study
Show more HSK 3 characters (+13)
咱 zán we (inclusive of both speaker and listener), equivalent to "咱们" 响 xiǎng echo; reverberation 哭 kū to cry; to weep from pain, grief, or strong emotion 啤 pí beer (low-alcohol drink brewed from barley and hops, with foam and a slightly bitter taste) 嘴 zuǐ mouth (of a person or animal); organ for eating and speaking 如 rú to suit; to follow; in accordance with 害 hài harm; disadvantage (opposite of 利、益) 总 zǒng to gather together, to assemble 或 huò perhaps; maybe 束 shù to tie; to bind 船 chuán boat; ship (primary watercraft, various types, also used in aerospace) 言 yán (lit.) to speak; to say 铅 qiān lead (metallic element, symbol Pb)
HSK 4
京 jīng capital city of a country 兄 xiōng older brother 免 miǎn to remove; to eliminate 另 lìng other; another 台 tái a raised flat platform for observation
Show more HSK 4 characters (+16)
叶 yè leaf (of a plant) 各 gè each; every (referring to different persons or things) 否 fǒu not; used before action morphemes to express negation 吸 xī to inhale or draw liquid/gas into the body (opposite of 呼, though 呼 is limited to breath) 吹 chuī to blow (air from the mouth) 味 wèi taste; flavor perceived by the tongue 呼 hū to exhale; breathe out (opposite of inhale) 命 mìng life; the living force of organisms 咳 ké to cough 咸 xián (lit.) all; everyone (classical adverb) 品 pǐn article; item; object 售 shòu to sell; to vend 喊 hǎn to shout; to yell loudly 嗯 ǹg grunt of agreement or acknowledgment 嗽 sòu to cough; see 咳 (ké) 象 xiàng elephant (the large mammal)
HSK 5
享 xiǎng to possess; to obtain 占 zhàn to occupy; to seize 古 gǔ ancient; of a bygone era, opposite of 'present' 召 zhào to summon, to call 吨 dūn ton (metric unit of mass equal to 1000 kg)
Show more HSK 5 characters (+19)
含 hán hold something in the mouth without swallowing or spitting 吵 chǎo noisy and chaotic; disturbing 呀 yā exclamation of surprise or doubt 咨 zī to consult or inquire of others 咬 yǎo to bite (with upper and lower teeth, to grip or sever something) 哈 hā to open the mouth and breathe out 哎 āi exclamation of dissatisfaction or reminder 哦 ò oh (expressing realization or understanding) 哲 zhé a wise and intelligent person 唉 ài exclamation of grief or regret 唯 wéi solely, only 善 shàn kind; benevolent; charitable (opposite of 恶) 喻 yù to explain; to make someone understand 器 qì utensils; implements; vessels 局 jú chessboard 扣 kòu to fasten or hook with a ring or clasp 捐 juān to abandon; to give up 沿 yán along (a river, road, or edge of something) 骂 mà to insult or abuse with crude or malicious words
HSK 6
串 chuàn to thread or string things together 吉 jí auspicious; lucky; propitious (opposite of 凶) 吊 diào to hang; to suspend 吐 tǔ to spit out (something from the mouth) 吓 xià to frighten; to scare
Show more HSK 6 characters (+15)
吞 tūn to swallow whole or in chunks without chewing 启 qǐ to open 呆 dāi foolish; stupid 呈 chéng to take on (a form, color, or state); to appear as 哇 wā onomatopoeia for crying or vomiting sounds 啦 la sentence-final particle (fusion of 了 and 啊); indicates completion, change, or a new situation, with exclamatory or surprised tone 喷 pēn to spurt or spray out (liquid, gas, powder, etc.) under pressure 嗓 sǎng throat; larynx 嘛 ma particle indicating something is obvious or self-evident 嘲 cháo 嘿 hēi hey (greeting or to get attention) 噪 zào （of birds or insects）to chirp or buzz noisily 尚 shàng to revere; to value highly 毫 háo fine, pointed hair on a person or animal 衰 shuāi to decline, to weaken
HSK 7
亭 tíng pavilion; open-sided roofed structure for rest, built by a road or in a garden 侃 kǎn (lit.) upright and forthright 兽 shòu beast; mammal (generally referring to four-legged, fur-covered mammals) 叨 dāo (colloq.) to talk endlessly; to chatter on and on (see "叨叨") 叭 ba
Show more HSK 7 characters (+63)
叮 dīng to sting or bite (of mosquitoes, etc., piercing skin to suck blood) 叹 tàn to sigh out of worry or sorrow 叼 diāo to hold in the mouth 吁 yù to appeal or call out for a demand 吏 lì government official in ancient times 君 jūn monarch; sovereign 吝 lìn miserly; stingy with one's possessions 吟 yín to chant or recite with a cadence 吩 fēn (colloq.) to instruct or order verbally; to tell someone to do something (used in 吩咐) 吭 kēng to make a sound; to speak 吻 wěn lips 吼 hǒu (of a fierce animal) to roar 呐 nà shout loudly; cry out (see 呐喊) 呕 ǒu to vomit 呛 qiàng to irritate the nose or throat (of a pungent or acrid gas) 呜 wū onomatopoeia for wind, whistles, crying, etc. 呵 hē to scold angrily 呻 shēn to chant; to recite 咀 jǔ to chew and savour slowly in the mouth 咐 fù to instruct or order verbally; to enjoin; to tell someone what to do or not to do 咕 gu onomatopoeia for the sound of a hen or certain birds clucking/cooing 咙 lóng throat; used in 喉咙 (throat) 咧 liě (of the mouth) open to one side; curl sideways 咽 yān pharynx (the muscular tube at the back of the mouth connecting the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx) 哀 āi sorrowful; grieved 哄 hǒng to deceive; to cheat 哆 duō to shiver, tremble (as in 哆嗦) 哑 yǎ mute; unable to speak due to a physical defect or illness 哗 huá noisy and clamorous; loud and chaotic uproar 哨 shào to patrol, to scout 哺 bǔ to feed (a young child or animal); to nurse 哼 hēng to groan or moan in pain 哽 gěng to have food stuck in the throat 唆 suo to instigate; to incite someone to do wrong 唇 chún lip; the muscular tissue around the mouth of humans or certain animals 唐 táng boastful; exaggerated (in speech) 唠 láo see "唠叨": to talk endlessly; to nag 唤 huàn to call out loudly to get someone's attention or summon them 唬 hu 唾 tuò saliva; spittle 啃 kěn to gnaw; to nibble at something hard 啰 luō see '啰唆': (of speech) verbose; (of matters) trivial and troublesome; to repeat oneself tediously 啸 xiào to whistle (with pursed lips, producing a long clear sound) 喇 lǎ see 喇叭: ① wind instrument, narrow at top and flared at bottom, amplifies sound; ② horn-shaped object with amplifying function 喉 hóu larynx; throat (the organ connecting the pharynx and trachea, used for breathing and phonation) 喘 chuǎn to breathe rapidly; to pant 喧 xuān loud and noisy; clamorous 嗅 xiù to smell; to sniff and distinguish odors 嗜 shì to love, to have a particular fondness for 嗦 suo see '哆嗦': involuntary trembling of the body from external stimulation 嘀 dí used in "嘀咕": ① mutter to oneself; ② feel uneasy, be uncertain 嘈 cáo noisy; clamorous 嘱 zhǔ to enjoin; to instruct 噩 è frightful and ominous; horrifying and inauspicious 嚏 tì (lit.) to sneeze 嚣 xiāo noisy; clamorous 嚷 rǎng to shout loudly 嚼 jiáo to chew; to masticate 燕 yàn swallow (bird with small body, long pointed wings, and forked tail) 辟 pì incisive; penetrating; profound 鄙 bǐ vulgar; base; crude 鳄 è crocodile (large reptile, commonly called 鳄鱼) 鸣 míng (of birds) to chirp; (of animals or insects) to cry or make sounds
1.3 心 xīn — heart (organ that pumps blood)
心 is a component in 51 characters
HSK 1
怎 zěn (colloq.) interrogative pronoun: how, why, what (asking about nature, state, manner, or reason) 息 xī breath; air inhaled and exhaled 您 nín respectful form of 'you' (你) 想 xiǎng to think; to ponder
HSK 2
忘 wàng to forget, fail to remember, omit 思 sī to think, consider, use one's mind 意 yì wish; intention
HSK 3
必 bì certainly; definitely 急 jí anxious; impatient 总 zǒng to gather together, to assemble 感 gǎn to move (emotionally); to touch 愿 yuàn to be willing; to agree gladly
HSK 4
志 zhì aspiration; determination to achieve something 忽 hū careless, inattentive 态 tài shape; state; appearance 恐 kǒng to fear; to dread 悉 xī complete, entire
Show more HSK 4 characters (+1)
虑 lǜ to think over; to ponder
HSK 5
忍 rěn to endure; to suppress one's feelings 念 niàn to miss; to think of constantly 怨 yuàn resentment; hatred 恋 liàn to be in love, to adore 悠 yōu long-lasting, distant, remote
Show more HSK 5 characters (+2)
慧 huì intelligent; wise 慰 wèi to comfort; to soothe someone's mind
HSK 6
德 dé morality; ethical standards and norms of conduct 怒 nù to be angry; to feel indignant 恶 è evil deeds; wicked conduct (opposite of '善') 患 huàn calamity; disaster 悲 bēi sad, sorrowful
Show more HSK 6 characters (+3)
惑 huò confused; uncertain about right and wrong 惩 chéng to punish; to discipline, warn 愁 chóu to worry; to feel anxious
HSK 7
忌 jì to envy; to resent 忠 zhōng loyal and devoted, wholehearted sincerity 怂 sǒng (lit.) frightened; alarmed 怠 dài lazy; slack 恕 shù to forgive, to pardon
Show more HSK 7 characters (+13)
恩 ēn kindness; deep benevolence 恳 kěn sincere, earnest 恿 yǒng to instigate or urge someone to do something (see 〖怂恿〗) 悬 xuán to hang up; to suspend in the air 惹 rě to attract, to provoke 愈 yù to recover from illness 愚 yú stupid; foolish 慈 cí kind, benevolent 憋 biē to suppress or hold back (from coming out) 憨 hān foolish; idiotic 芯 xīn peeled rush pith; the central part of a plant 葱 cōng scallion; green onion (a common vegetable or seasoning) 闷 mèn depressed; unhappy in mood

Stroke order

2 而 ér — conjunction linking verbs, adjectives, or clauses: ① connecting successive elements ② connecting complementary affirmative and negative elements ③ connecting contrasting elements (adversative) ④ connecting causally related elements
而 is a component in 3 characters
HSK 3
需 xū to need, to require
HSK 4
耐 nài to endure; to withstand; to bear
HSK 7
耍 shuǎ to play; to have fun

而 is an atomic character — it does not decompose further.

Stroke order

3 言 yán — (lit.) to speak; to say
言 is a component in 5 characters
HSK 3
信 xìn letter; written message
HSK 4
警 jǐng to alert and be on guard
HSK 6
誉 yù reputation; honor
HSK 7
誓 shì to vow; to pledge to act on one's word 譬 pì to use as a metaphor; to make an analogy

consists of

3.1 亠 tóu — top/lid radical, a cover or cap shape
亠 is a component in 22 characters
HSK 1
亮 liàng bright; luminous 商 shāng to discuss, to consult with others 市 shì marketplace; place for trading 脑 nǎo brain (the main part of the nervous system, located in the cranial cavity, comprising cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, etc.) 高 gāo tall; high (opposite of 'low')
HSK 2
交 jiāo to hand over; to transfer to the relevant party 旁 páng side; nearby 离 lí to be separated by; to be apart from
HSK 3
育 yù to give birth to 言 yán (lit.) to speak; to say
HSK 4
产 chǎn to give birth 京 jīng capital city of a country 夜 yè night (from dusk to dawn), opposite of '日'/'昼' 弃 qì to abandon, to discard 恼 nǎo to anger; to make angry
HSK 5
享 xiǎng to possess; to obtain 充 chōng full; sufficient
HSK 6
帝 dì supreme deity or ruler of the universe in religion or mythology 毫 háo fine, pointed hair on a person or animal
HSK 7
亩 mǔ mǔ, a Chinese unit of area (1 mǔ = 666.7 m²; 10 fēn = 1 mǔ; 100 mǔ = 1 qǐng) 亭 tíng pavilion; open-sided roofed structure for rest, built by a road or in a garden 玄 xuán black; dark-colored
3.2 二 èr — two (the number 1+1)
二 is a component in 5 characters
HSK 1
些 xiē placed after a verb or adjective to mean slightly or a little
HSK 3
言 yán (lit.) to speak; to say
HSK 4
云 yún (lit.) to say
HSK 7
仁 rén benevolence; the Confucian moral concept centered on compassion, love, and altruism 腻 nì to feel put off by greasy food
3.3 口 kǒu — mouth (organ for eating and drinking, sometimes part of the vocal apparatus)
口 is a component in 181 characters
HSK 1
中 zhōng center; middle point equidistant from all sides 事 shì matter; affair; everything that happens in nature and society 亮 liàng bright; luminous 只 zhǐ only; nothing else besides 叫 jiào to cry out; to shout (of people or animals expressing emotion or desire)
Show more HSK 1 characters (+19)
可 kě yes; correct; to permit 号 hào name; appellation 吃 chī to eat; to chew and swallow food (including sipping and drinking) 同 tóng same; identical (opposite of '异') 名 míng name; appellation of a person or thing 吗 ma same as "嘛" 吧 ba sentence-final particle softening tone of imperatives; expressing suggestion, consultation, command, or request 听 tīng to listen; to hear 呢 ne particle used at the end of interrogative sentences to prompt or press for an answer 和 hé harmonious; peaceful 哪 nǎ which (followed by a measure word or numeral + measure word, to identify one or more among several people or things) 唱 chàng to sing; to produce musical sounds with the voice 喂 wèi hey; hello (interjection used as a greeting) 喜 xǐ happy; joyful (opposite of 悲) 喝 hē to drink (liquid or fluid food) 回 huí to wind, circle, or rotate 知 zhī knowledge, learning 问 wèn to ask a question about something unknown or unclear 高 gāo tall; high (opposite of 'low')
HSK 2
告 gào to tell, inform, or announce something to others 周 zhōu periphery; circle 咖 kā coffee (evergreen shrub or small tree grown in the tropics; white flowers, red fruit; seeds used to make a beverage; also refers to the beverage itself) 啊 ā interjection of admiration or surprise 啡 fēi used in '咖啡' (coffee): an evergreen shrub/small tree whose roasted seeds are ground to make the beverage coffee
Show more HSK 2 characters (+1)
虽 suī although; even though (used in the first clause, often paired with 'but' in the second clause)
HSK 3
加 jiā to add together; to combine two or more things or numbers 句 jù sentence (a linguistic unit composed of words and phrases expressing a complete idea) 史 shǐ history; historical records and the study of history 合 hé to close; to shut; to bring together (opposite of 开) 员 yuán person engaged in work or study
Show more HSK 3 characters (+13)
咱 zán we (inclusive of both speaker and listener), equivalent to "咱们" 响 xiǎng echo; reverberation 哭 kū to cry; to weep from pain, grief, or strong emotion 啤 pí beer (low-alcohol drink brewed from barley and hops, with foam and a slightly bitter taste) 嘴 zuǐ mouth (of a person or animal); organ for eating and speaking 如 rú to suit; to follow; in accordance with 害 hài harm; disadvantage (opposite of 利、益) 总 zǒng to gather together, to assemble 或 huò perhaps; maybe 束 shù to tie; to bind 船 chuán boat; ship (primary watercraft, various types, also used in aerospace) 言 yán (lit.) to speak; to say 铅 qiān lead (metallic element, symbol Pb)
HSK 4
京 jīng capital city of a country 兄 xiōng older brother 免 miǎn to remove; to eliminate 另 lìng other; another 台 tái a raised flat platform for observation
Show more HSK 4 characters (+16)
叶 yè leaf (of a plant) 各 gè each; every (referring to different persons or things) 否 fǒu not; used before action morphemes to express negation 吸 xī to inhale or draw liquid/gas into the body (opposite of 呼, though 呼 is limited to breath) 吹 chuī to blow (air from the mouth) 味 wèi taste; flavor perceived by the tongue 呼 hū to exhale; breathe out (opposite of inhale) 命 mìng life; the living force of organisms 咳 ké to cough 咸 xián (lit.) all; everyone (classical adverb) 品 pǐn article; item; object 售 shòu to sell; to vend 喊 hǎn to shout; to yell loudly 嗯 ǹg grunt of agreement or acknowledgment 嗽 sòu to cough; see 咳 (ké) 象 xiàng elephant (the large mammal)
HSK 5
享 xiǎng to possess; to obtain 占 zhàn to occupy; to seize 古 gǔ ancient; of a bygone era, opposite of 'present' 召 zhào to summon, to call 吨 dūn ton (metric unit of mass equal to 1000 kg)
Show more HSK 5 characters (+19)
含 hán hold something in the mouth without swallowing or spitting 吵 chǎo noisy and chaotic; disturbing 呀 yā exclamation of surprise or doubt 咨 zī to consult or inquire of others 咬 yǎo to bite (with upper and lower teeth, to grip or sever something) 哈 hā to open the mouth and breathe out 哎 āi exclamation of dissatisfaction or reminder 哦 ò oh (expressing realization or understanding) 哲 zhé a wise and intelligent person 唉 ài exclamation of grief or regret 唯 wéi solely, only 善 shàn kind; benevolent; charitable (opposite of 恶) 喻 yù to explain; to make someone understand 器 qì utensils; implements; vessels 局 jú chessboard 扣 kòu to fasten or hook with a ring or clasp 捐 juān to abandon; to give up 沿 yán along (a river, road, or edge of something) 骂 mà to insult or abuse with crude or malicious words
HSK 6
串 chuàn to thread or string things together 吉 jí auspicious; lucky; propitious (opposite of 凶) 吊 diào to hang; to suspend 吐 tǔ to spit out (something from the mouth) 吓 xià to frighten; to scare
Show more HSK 6 characters (+15)
吞 tūn to swallow whole or in chunks without chewing 启 qǐ to open 呆 dāi foolish; stupid 呈 chéng to take on (a form, color, or state); to appear as 哇 wā onomatopoeia for crying or vomiting sounds 啦 la sentence-final particle (fusion of 了 and 啊); indicates completion, change, or a new situation, with exclamatory or surprised tone 喷 pēn to spurt or spray out (liquid, gas, powder, etc.) under pressure 嗓 sǎng throat; larynx 嘛 ma particle indicating something is obvious or self-evident 嘲 cháo 嘿 hēi hey (greeting or to get attention) 噪 zào （of birds or insects）to chirp or buzz noisily 尚 shàng to revere; to value highly 毫 háo fine, pointed hair on a person or animal 衰 shuāi to decline, to weaken
HSK 7
亭 tíng pavilion; open-sided roofed structure for rest, built by a road or in a garden 侃 kǎn (lit.) upright and forthright 兽 shòu beast; mammal (generally referring to four-legged, fur-covered mammals) 叨 dāo (colloq.) to talk endlessly; to chatter on and on (see "叨叨") 叭 ba
Show more HSK 7 characters (+63)
叮 dīng to sting or bite (of mosquitoes, etc., piercing skin to suck blood) 叹 tàn to sigh out of worry or sorrow 叼 diāo to hold in the mouth 吁 yù to appeal or call out for a demand 吏 lì government official in ancient times 君 jūn monarch; sovereign 吝 lìn miserly; stingy with one's possessions 吟 yín to chant or recite with a cadence 吩 fēn (colloq.) to instruct or order verbally; to tell someone to do something (used in 吩咐) 吭 kēng to make a sound; to speak 吻 wěn lips 吼 hǒu (of a fierce animal) to roar 呐 nà shout loudly; cry out (see 呐喊) 呕 ǒu to vomit 呛 qiàng to irritate the nose or throat (of a pungent or acrid gas) 呜 wū onomatopoeia for wind, whistles, crying, etc. 呵 hē to scold angrily 呻 shēn to chant; to recite 咀 jǔ to chew and savour slowly in the mouth 咐 fù to instruct or order verbally; to enjoin; to tell someone what to do or not to do 咕 gu onomatopoeia for the sound of a hen or certain birds clucking/cooing 咙 lóng throat; used in 喉咙 (throat) 咧 liě (of the mouth) open to one side; curl sideways 咽 yān pharynx (the muscular tube at the back of the mouth connecting the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx) 哀 āi sorrowful; grieved 哄 hǒng to deceive; to cheat 哆 duō to shiver, tremble (as in 哆嗦) 哑 yǎ mute; unable to speak due to a physical defect or illness 哗 huá noisy and clamorous; loud and chaotic uproar 哨 shào to patrol, to scout 哺 bǔ to feed (a young child or animal); to nurse 哼 hēng to groan or moan in pain 哽 gěng to have food stuck in the throat 唆 suo to instigate; to incite someone to do wrong 唇 chún lip; the muscular tissue around the mouth of humans or certain animals 唐 táng boastful; exaggerated (in speech) 唠 láo see "唠叨": to talk endlessly; to nag 唤 huàn to call out loudly to get someone's attention or summon them 唬 hu 唾 tuò saliva; spittle 啃 kěn to gnaw; to nibble at something hard 啰 luō see '啰唆': (of speech) verbose; (of matters) trivial and troublesome; to repeat oneself tediously 啸 xiào to whistle (with pursed lips, producing a long clear sound) 喇 lǎ see 喇叭: ① wind instrument, narrow at top and flared at bottom, amplifies sound; ② horn-shaped object with amplifying function 喉 hóu larynx; throat (the organ connecting the pharynx and trachea, used for breathing and phonation) 喘 chuǎn to breathe rapidly; to pant 喧 xuān loud and noisy; clamorous 嗅 xiù to smell; to sniff and distinguish odors 嗜 shì to love, to have a particular fondness for 嗦 suo see '哆嗦': involuntary trembling of the body from external stimulation 嘀 dí used in "嘀咕": ① mutter to oneself; ② feel uneasy, be uncertain 嘈 cáo noisy; clamorous 嘱 zhǔ to enjoin; to instruct 噩 è frightful and ominous; horrifying and inauspicious 嚏 tì (lit.) to sneeze 嚣 xiāo noisy; clamorous 嚷 rǎng to shout loudly 嚼 jiáo to chew; to masticate 燕 yàn swallow (bird with small body, long pointed wings, and forked tail) 辟 pì incisive; penetrating; profound 鄙 bǐ vulgar; base; crude 鳄 è crocodile (large reptile, commonly called 鳄鱼) 鸣 míng (of birds) to chirp; (of animals or insects) to cry or make sounds

Stroke order

4 之 zhī — to go (to a place)
之 is a component in 2 characters
HSK 5
乏 fá lacking; without
HSK 7
芝 zhī lingzhi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), a fungus growing on dead wood with a reddish-brown glossy cap, used medicinally; regarded as an auspicious plant in ancient times

之 is an atomic character — it does not decompose further.

Stroke order