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自主 (zì zhǔ) — Chinese word meaning

HSK 7

自主 (zì zhǔ) is a Chinese word: autonomous; independent; act independently. This page shows its pinyin, translation, example sentences, character breakdown, decomposition, and HSK level.

Meaning of 自主

动 dòng verb

autonomous; independent; act independently

学生应该培养自主学习的能力。

xué shēng yīng gāi péi yǎng zì zhǔ xué xí de néng lì

Students should cultivate the ability to study independently.

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Word breakdown

自 zì — self; oneself

Words with this character (55)
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主 zhǔ — master; control; be in charge

Words with this character (37)
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  • 6 主席 zhǔ xí — chairman HSK 5
    • 主 chief, main, principal
    • 席 seat, position
    Example

    主席在会议上发表了讲话。

    zhǔ xí zài huì yì shàng fā biǎo le jiǎng huà

    The chairman gave a speech at the meeting.

  • 7 主持 zhǔ chí — to host; to preside over HSK 5
    • 主 main; primary; to be in charge
    • 持 to hold; to maintain; to conduct
    Example

    她主持了昨天的电视节目。

    tā zhǔ chí le zuó tiān de diàn shì jié mù

    She hosted yesterday's TV program.

  • 8 主观 zhǔ guān — subjective HSK 5
    • 主 subject (the person/self)
    • 观 view, perspective
    Example

    我们应该客观分析，不要太主观。

    wǒ men yīng gāi kè guān fēn xī bù yào tài zhǔ guān

    We should analyze objectively, not be too subjective.

  • 9 主题 zhǔ tí — theme HSK 5
    • 主 main, principal
    • 题 topic, subject
    Example

    这次会议的主题是环境保护。

    zhè cì huì yì de zhǔ tí shì huán jìng bǎo hù

    The theme of this meeting is environmental protection.

  • 10 主食 zhǔ shí — staple food HSK 5
    Example

    米饭是中国人的主食。

    mǐ fàn shì zhōng guó rén de zhǔ shí

    Rice is the staple food of Chinese people.

  • 11 车主 chē zhǔ — car owner HSK 5
    • 车 vehicle, car
    • 主 owner, master
    Example

    车主必须购买保险。

    chē zhǔ bì xū gòu mǎi bǎo xiǎn

    Car owners must buy insurance.

  • 12 主办 zhǔ bàn — to host; to organize HSK 6
    • 主 main; primary; leading (indicates the primary organizer)
    • 办 to handle; to conduct; to carry out (indicates the action of organizing)
    Example

    奥运会每四年由不同城市主办。

    ào yùn huì měi sì nián yóu bù tóng chéng shì zhǔ bàn

    The Olympics are hosted by different cities every four years.

  • 13 主导 zhǔ dǎo — to lead HSK 6
    • 主 main, primary (indicates the leading position)
    • 导 to guide, to direct (indicates the action of leading)
    Example

    这家公司主导了市场的发展方向。

    zhè jiā gōng sī zhǔ dǎo le shì chǎng de fā zhǎn fāng xiàng

    This company has led the direction of market development.

  • 14 主张 zhǔ zhāng — to advocate HSK 6
    • 主 main, primary (indicates the principal stance)
    • 张 to advocate, to put forward (indicates proposing or advocating)
    Example

    我们主张和平解决争端。

    wǒ men zhǔ zhāng hé píng jiě jué zhēng duān

    We advocate for peaceful resolution of disputes.

  • 15 主播 zhǔ bō — host; anchor; streamer HSK 6
    • 主 main; principal; host
    • 播 broadcast; transmit; stream
    Example

    她是一位著名的网络主播。

    tā shì yī wèi zhù míng de wǎng luò zhǔ bō

    She is a famous online streamer.

  • 16 主流 zhǔ liú — mainstream HSK 6
    • 主 main, primary, principal
    • 流 current, flow, stream, trend
    Example

    主流媒体报道了这个事件。

    zhǔ liú méi tǐ bào dào le zhè ge shì jiàn

    Mainstream media reported this incident.

  • 17 主演 zhǔ yǎn — to star in HSK 6
    • 主 main, principal, lead
    • 演 perform, act, actor
    Example

    她主演了这部电影。

    tā zhǔ yǎn le zhè bù diàn yǐng

    She starred in this movie.

  • 18 主管 zhǔ guǎn — to be in charge of HSK 6
    • 主 chief, main, primary
    • 管 manage, oversee, control
    Example

    她主管公司的财务。

    tā zhǔ guǎn gōng sī de cái wù

    She is in charge of the company's finances.

  • 19 主角 zhǔ jué — protagonist HSK 6
    • 主 main, primary, principal
    • 角 role, character
    Example

    他是这部电影的主角。

    tā shì zhè bù diàn yǐng de zhǔ jué

    He is the protagonist of this film.

  • 20 公主 gōng zhǔ — princess HSK 6
    • 公 royal, noble (indicating high status)
    • 主 daughter, female of royal lineage
    Example

    小女孩梦想成为公主。

    xiǎo nǚ hái mèng xiǎng chéng wéi gōng zhǔ

    The little girl dreams of becoming a princess.

  • 21 民主 mín zhǔ — democracy HSK 6
    • 民 people, citizens
    • 主 master, sovereignty
    Example

    民主需要每个公民的参与。

    mín zhǔ xū yào měi gè gōng mín de cān yù

    Democracy requires the participation of every citizen.

  • 22 不由自主 bù yóu zì zhǔ — involuntarily; cannot help oneself HSK 7
    • 不 not; negation particle
    • 由 from; by; through
    • 自 self; oneself
    • 主 control; master; be in charge
    Example

    听到这首歌，她不由自主地哭了起来。

    tīng dào zhè shǒu gē tā bù yóu zì zhǔ de kū le qǐ lái

    Hearing this song, she involuntarily started crying.

  • 23 东道主 dōng dào zhǔ — host HSK 7
    • 东 east (from historical origin, now part of idiomatic expression for host)
    • 道 road (from historical 'eastern road', now part of idiomatic expression)
    • 主 master, host (the core meaning indicating the one who hosts)
    Example

    中国作为东道主欢迎各国代表参加会议。

    Zhōng guó zuò wéi dōng dào zhǔ huān yíng gè guó dài biǎo cān jiā huì yì

    China, as the host, welcomes representatives from various countries to attend the conference.

  • 24 主义 zhǔ yì — -ism HSK 7
    • 主 main, primary
    • 义 principle, doctrine
    Example

    他相信自由主义。

    tā xiāng xìn zì yóu zhǔ yì

    He believes in liberalism.

  • 25 主人公 zhǔ rén gōng — protagonist HSK 7
    • 主 main, primary
    • 人 person, character
    • 公 honorific suffix emphasizing importance
    Example

    这部小说的主人公是一个年轻的医生。

    zhè bù xiǎo shuō de zhǔ rén gōng shì yí gè nián qīng de yī shēng

    The protagonist of this novel is a young doctor.

  • 26 主体 zhǔ tǐ — main body; subject HSK 7
    • 主 main, primary, principal
    • 体 body, entity, substance
    Example

    学生是学习的主体。

    xué shēng shì xué xí de zhǔ tǐ

    Students are the main subjects of learning.

  • 27 主力 zhǔ lì — main force HSK 7
    • 主 main, primary, principal
    • 力 force, strength, power
    Example

    他是我们球队的主力队员。

    tā shì wǒ men qiú duì de zhǔ lì duì yuán

    He is a main player on our team.

  • 28 主宰 zhǔ zǎi — to dominate HSK 7
    • 主 master, lord, primary authority
    • 宰 control, dominate, have power over
    Example

    他想主宰自己的命运。

    tā xiǎng zhǔ zǎi zì jǐ de mìng yùn

    He wants to control his own destiny.

  • 29 主打 zhǔ dǎ — to feature (as main product/attraction) HSK 7
    • 主 main, primary
    • 打 to feature, to focus on
    Example

    这家餐厅主打川菜。

    zhè jiā cān tīng zhǔ dǎ chuān cài

    This restaurant specializes in Sichuan cuisine.

  • 30 主权 zhǔ quán — sovereignty HSK 7
    • 主 supreme, primary, master
    • 权 power, rights, authority
    Example

    国家主权不容侵犯。

    guó jiā zhǔ quán bù róng qīn fàn

    National sovereignty is inviolable.

  • 31 主编 zhǔ biān — to edit as chief editor HSK 7
    • 主 chief, principal
    • 编 editor, editing
    Example

    他主编了这本重要的学术期刊。

    tā zhǔ biān le zhè běn zhòng yào de xué shù qī kān

    He served as chief editor of this important academic journal.

  • 32 主页 zhǔ yè — homepage HSK 7
    Example

    请访问我们的主页了解更多信息。

    qǐng fǎng wèn wǒ men de zhǔ yè liǎo jiě gèng duō xìn xī

    Please visit our homepage for more information.

  • 33 主题曲 zhǔ tí qǔ — theme song HSK 7
    • 主 main, principal
    • 题 theme, subject
    • 曲 song, melody
    Example

    她演唱了这个电视剧的主题曲。

    tā yǎn chàng le zhè ge diàn shì jù de zhǔ tí qǔ

    She sang the theme song for this TV series.

  • 34 做主 zuò zhǔ — to make decisions; to have the final say HSK 7
    • 做 to do; to act (provides the action component)
    • 主 master; main (provides the authority/control component)
    Example

    这件事你自己做主吧。

    zhè jiàn shì nǐ zì jǐ zuò zhǔ ba

    You decide this matter yourself.

  • 35 社会主义 shè huì zhǔ yì — socialism HSK 7
    • 社 society, community
    • 会 society, assembly (forms 'society' with 社)
    • 主 main, principal (forms '-ism' suffix with 义)
    • 义 principle, doctrine (forms '-ism' suffix with 主)
    Example

    他正在研究社会主义理论。

    tā zhèng zài yán jiū shè huì zhǔ yì lǐ lùn

    He is studying socialist theory.

  • 36 资本主义 zī běn zhǔ yì — capitalism HSK 7
    • 资 capital, resources
    • 本 foundation, basis (forms 'capital' with 资)
    • 主 main, master (indicates primary doctrine)
    • 义 principle, -ism (suffix for doctrines/ideologies)
    Example

    资本主义和社会主义是两种不同的经济制度。

    zī běn zhǔ yì hé shè huì zhǔ yì shì liǎng zhǒng bù tóng de jīng jì zhì dù

    Capitalism and socialism are two different economic systems.

  • 37 雇主 gù zhǔ — employer HSK 7
    • 雇 to hire, to employ
    • 主 master, principal party
    Example

    雇主应该为员工提供安全的工作环境。

    gù zhǔ yīng gāi wèi yuán gōng tí gōng ān quán de gōng zuò huán jìng

    The employer should provide a safe working environment for employees.

Structure & writing
1 自 zì — oneself; one's own self
自 is a component in 6 characters
HSK 1
息 xī breath; air inhaled and exhaled
HSK 3
咱 zán we (inclusive of both speaker and listener), equivalent to "咱们" 夏 xià summer (the second of the four seasons)
HSK 4
首 shǒu head; skull 鼻 bí nose (olfactory and respiratory organ)
HSK 5
臭 chòu foul-smelling; stinking (opposite of 香)

自 is an atomic character — it does not decompose further.

Stroke order

2 主 zhǔ — owner; one who possesses property or power
主 is a component in 6 characters
HSK 1
住 zhù to reside; to stay (permanently or temporarily)
HSK 3
注 zhù to pour into; to fill with liquid
HSK 7
拄 zhǔ to lean on (a stick or cane) for support 柱 zhù pillar; column (a vertical load-bearing structural member in a building, usually made of wood or stone) 蛀 zhù wood-boring or fabric-eating insect; moth; weevil 驻 zhù to stop; to halt (of vehicles, horses, etc.)

consists of

2.1 丶 zhǔ — dot stroke; ancient punctuation mark, now a basic stroke component
丶 is a component in 21 characters
HSK 1
太 tài high; great
HSK 2
为 wéi to do; to act
HSK 3
主 zhǔ owner; one who possesses property or power 勺 sháo ladle; spoon (a handled utensil for scooping)
HSK 4
乓 pāng onomatopoeia for gunshots, slamming doors, or crashing sounds 压 yā to press down on an object (often from above) 尤 yóu exceptional; outstanding 户 hù single-panel door; door in general 术 shù skill; technique; art; learning
HSK 5
义 yì justice; righteous principle or moral conduct 兔 tù rabbit; hare (mammal with large ears, split upper lip, short tail, and strong hind legs, known for swift running and jumping; includes domestic and wild varieties; fur used for textiles and clothing) 叉 chā fork (a utensil with two or more tines at one end and a handle at the other) 玉 yù jade; a fine-grained, hard, lustrous mineral used for ornaments and carvings 良 liáng good; excellent
HSK 6
凡 fán ordinary, commonplace 匆 cōng hurried; hasty
HSK 7
丸 wán small round object (〜子, 〜儿) 斥 chì to reprimand; to scold 犬 quǎn dog 琢 zuó to ponder repeatedly; to mull over (见"琢磨") 蔑 miè (lit.) nothing, without
2.2 王 wáng — monarch; supreme ruler
王 is a component in 33 characters
HSK 1
玩 wán to play (a game) 现 xiàn to appear; to show; to manifest 班 bān a group organized for work or study
HSK 2
望 wàng to look, to look into the distance 球 qiú sphere (geometric solid equidistant from center to all surface points)
HSK 3
丢 diū to lose; to misplace 主 zhǔ owner; one who possesses property or power 环 huán ring-shaped object 理 lǐ to govern; to manage; to administer
HSK 4
琴 qín guqin, a plucked string instrument made of paulownia wood, originally with five strings, later seven
HSK 5
润 rùn to moisten; to add oil or water to prevent dryness 狂 kuáng mentally deranged; insane; mad 玉 yù jade; a fine-grained, hard, lustrous mineral used for ornaments and carvings 玫 méi (lit.) a type of beautiful stone or jade 玻 bō see "玻璃": a hard, brittle, transparent material with no fixed melting point, made by melting quartz sand, limestone, soda ash, etc. at high temperature
Show more HSK 5 characters (+3)
珍 zhēn treasure; precious thing 瑰 guī (lit.) a jade-like stone 璃 li see '玻璃': ① hard, brittle transparent material (glass); ② glass-like plastic
HSK 6
呈 chéng to take on (a form, color, or state); to appear as 珠 zhū pearl (also written 真珠), a lustrous spherical gem formed inside certain freshwater or marine mollusks, used in medicine and as an ornament 皇 huáng monarch; emperor
HSK 7
噩 è frightful and ominous; horrifying and inauspicious 斑 bān spots or stripes of a contrasting color 旺 wàng prosperous; flourishing; (of fire) blazing fiercely 枉 wǎng crooked, bent; referring to error or deviation 汪 wāng (lit.) deep and vast (of water)
Show more HSK 7 characters (+7)
琐 suǒ trivial, trifling, petty 琢 zuó to ponder repeatedly; to mull over (见"琢磨") 瑕 xiá flaw or blemish in jade; fig. defect or shortcoming 瑞 ruì auspicious omen; good luck 璀 cuǐ (lit.) bright and brilliant in color 璨 càn (lit.) fine jade 碧 bì (lit.) blue-green jade

Stroke order