Word

子孙 (zǐ sūn) — Chinese word meaning

HSK 7

Meaning of 子孙

名 míng noun

descendants

我们要为子孙后代保护环境。

wǒ men yào wèi zǐ sūn hòu dài bǎo hù huán jìng

We must protect the environment for future generations.

Word breakdown

子 zǐ — children, sons (the immediate next generation)

1 儿子 ér zi — son HSK 1
- 儿 child, son (diminutive suffix)
- 子 child, son, offspring
Example

这是我儿子。

zhè shì wǒ ér zi

This is my son.
2 包子 bāo zi — baozi HSK 1
- 包 wrap
- 子 noun suffix
Example

早餐我吃了两个包子。

zǎo cān wǒ chī le liǎng gè bāo zi

For breakfast I ate two baozi.
3 孩子 hái zi — child HSK 1
- 孩 child (semantic core)
- 子 suffix completing the noun
Example

她有三个孩子。

tā yǒu sān ge hái zi

She has three children.
4 杯子 bēi zi — cup HSK 1
- 杯 cup, glass (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (diminutive, makes the word colloquial)
Example

我买了一个新杯子。

wǒ mǎi le yí gè xīn bēi zi

I bought a new cup.
5 桌子 zhuō zi — table HSK 1
- 桌 table (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (completes the noun)
Example

书在桌子上。

shū zài zhuō zi shàng

The book is on the table.

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6 椅子 yǐ zi — chair HSK 1
- 椅 chair, seat (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (completes the word)
Example

这把椅子很舒服。

zhè bǎ yǐ zi hěn shū fu

This chair is very comfortable.
7 饺子 jiǎo zi — dumpling HSK 1
- 饺 dumpling (the main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (diminutive/noun-forming particle)
Example

我喜欢吃饺子。

wǒ xǐ huan chī jiǎo zi

I like to eat dumplings.
8 个子 gè zi — height HSK 2
- 个 forms part of the compound noun for height/stature
- 子 nominal suffix forming a noun referring to physical stature
Example

他个子很高。

tā gè zi hěn gāo

He is very tall.
9 妻子 qī zi — wife HSK 2
- 妻 wife (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (completes the word formation)
Example

我的妻子是一位医生。

wǒ de qī zi shì yī wèi yī shēng

My wife is a doctor.
10 本子 běn zi — notebook HSK 2
- 本 book, bound volume
- 子 diminutive suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

我需要买一个新本子。

wǒ xū yào mǎi yí ge xīn běn zi

I need to buy a new notebook.
11 裤子 kù zi — pants HSK 2
- 裤 pants, trousers (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (no specific meaning, completes the noun)
Example

我买了一条新裤子。

wǒ mǎi le yī tiáo xīn kù zi

I bought a new pair of pants.
12 勺子 sháo zi — spoon HSK 3
- 勺 spoon, ladle (core meaning)
- 子 noun suffix (makes it a common everyday term)
Example

我需要一把勺子来吃汤。

wǒ xū yào yì bǎ sháo zi lái chī tāng

I need a spoon to eat soup.
13 句子 jù zi — sentence HSK 3
- 句 sentence, line (core meaning element)
- 子 noun suffix (completes the word)
Example

请用这些词造一个句子。

qǐng yòng zhè xiē cí zào yí gè jù zi

Please make a sentence using these words.
14 屋子 wū zi — room HSK 3
- 屋 house, building structure
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial for 'room')
Example

屋子里有很多书。

wū zi lǐ yǒu hěn duō shū

There are many books in the room.
15 房子 fáng zi — house HSK 3
- 房 house, room (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial and complete)
Example

他买了一个新房子。

tā mǎi le yí gè xīn fáng zi

He bought a new house.
16 瓶子 píng zi — bottle HSK 3
- 瓶 bottle (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word complete and colloquial)
Example

这个瓶子里装满了水。

zhè ge píng zi lǐ zhuāng mǎn le shuǐ

This bottle is filled with water.
17 电子书 diàn zǐ shū — e-book HSK 3
- 电 electronic, electric
- 子 forms the compound 'electronic' with 电
- 书 book
Example

我喜欢在平板电脑上阅读电子书。

wǒ xǐ huān zài píng bǎn diàn nǎo shàng yuè dú diàn zǐ shū

I like to read e-books on my tablet.
18 盘子 pán zi — plate HSK 3
- 盘 plate, dish (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (completes the noun)
Example

桌上有三个盘子。

zhuō shàng yǒu sān gè pán zi

There are three plates on the table.
19 筷子 kuài zi — chopsticks HSK 3
- 筷 chopstick (main morpheme)
- 子 nominal suffix (diminutive)
Example

他用筷子吃饭。

tā yòng kuài zi chī fàn

He eats with chopsticks.
20 箱子 xiāng zi — box HSK 3
- 箱 box, chest
- 子 diminutive suffix
Example

这个箱子很重。

zhè ge xiāng zi hěn zhòng

This box is very heavy.
21 裙子 qún zi — skirt HSK 3
- 裙 skirt (the main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (forms a complete noun without adding specific meaning)
Example

她今天穿了一条红色的裙子。

tā jīn tiān chuān le yī tiáo hóng sè de qún zi

She wore a red skirt today.
22 例子 lì zi — example HSK 4
- 例 example, case, precedent
- 子 nominal suffix (forms nouns)
Example

老师给我们举了一个例子。

lǎo shī gěi wǒ men jǔ le yí gè lì zi

The teacher gave us an example.
23 叶子 yè zi — leaf HSK 4
- 叶 leaf (main morpheme)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

秋天的叶子变黄了。

qiū tiān de yè zi biàn huáng le

The leaves turn yellow in autumn.
24 孙子 sūn zi — grandson HSK 4
- 孙 grandchild, of the grandchild generation
- 子 son, male child (specifying male gender)
Example

我的孙子今年五岁了。

wǒ de sūn zi jīn nián wǔ suì le

My grandson is five years old this year.
25 小伙子 xiǎo huǒ zi — young man HSK 4
- 小 young, little
- 伙 fellow, guy
- 子 nominal suffix (person)
Example

小伙子，你来自哪里？

xiǎo huǒ zi nǐ lái zì nǎ lǐ

Young man, where are you from?
26 帽子 mào zi — hat HSK 4
- 帽 hat, cap (the main semantic component meaning headwear)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a complete noun, neutral tone)
Example

今天很冷，你要戴帽子。

jīn tiān hěn lěng nǐ yào dài mào zi

It's very cold today, you should wear a hat.
27 日子 rì zi — days; life HSK 4
- 日 day; forms the core meaning of 'days'
- 子 suffix; nominalizes the word to mean 'days' as a period or way of living
Example

我们的日子越来越好了。

wǒ men de rì zi yuè lái yuè hǎo le

Our life is getting better and better.
28 样子 yàng zi — appearance HSK 4
- 样 appearance, manner, way
- 子 nominalizing suffix
Example

她今天的样子很漂亮。

tā jīn tiān de yàng zi hěn piào liang

She looks very pretty today.
29 母子 mǔ zǐ — mother and child HSK 4
- 母 mother
- 子 child, son
Example

母子俩在公园里散步。

mǔ zǐ liǎ zài gōng yuán lǐ sàn bù

The mother and child were walking in the park.
30 父子 fù zǐ — father and son HSK 4
- 父 father
- 子 son
Example

父子俩一起去爬山。

fù zǐ liǎ yì qǐ qù pá shān

The father and son went mountain climbing together.
31 牌子 pái zi — brand, sign, plate HSK 4
- 牌 sign, plate, brand (main meaning carrier)
- 子 diminutive/colloquial suffix (makes the word more informal)
Example

我喜欢这个牌子的衣服。

wǒ xǐ huan zhè ge pái zi de yī fu

I like this brand's clothes.
32 盒子 hé zi — box HSK 4
- 盒 box, case (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (forms noun, no specific meaning)
Example

她打开了那个红色的盒子。

tā dǎ kāi le nà ge hóng sè de hé zi

She opened that red box.
33 肚子 dù zi — stomach HSK 4
- 肚 belly, abdomen
- 子 noun suffix
Example

我肚子饿了。

wǒ dù zi è le

I'm hungry.
34 袋子 dài zi — bag HSK 4
- 袋 bag, sack (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it more colloquial)
Example

她把苹果放进袋子里。

tā bǎ píng guǒ fàng jìn dài zi lǐ

She put the apples in the bag.
35 袜子 wà zi — socks HSK 4
- 袜 sock, stocking (the main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a complete noun)
Example

我需要买新袜子。

wǒ xū yào mǎi xīn wà zi

I need to buy new socks.
36 镜子 jìng zi — mirror HSK 4
- 镜 mirror, reflective surface
- 子 noun suffix (no independent meaning)
Example

她在镜子前梳头。

tā zài jìng zi qián shū tóu

She combs her hair in front of the mirror.
37 院子 yuàn zi — courtyard HSK 4
- 院 courtyard, enclosed space
- 子 noun suffix (diminutive/nominal marker)
Example

孩子们在院子里玩。

hái zi men zài yuàn zi lǐ wán

The children are playing in the courtyard.
38 鼻子 bí zi — nose HSK 4
- 鼻 nose (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a common colloquial noun)
Example

他的鼻子很高。

tā de bí zi hěn gāo

His nose is very high.
39 兔子 tù zi — rabbit HSK 5
- 兔 rabbit, hare (core semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (forms common noun, adds colloquial tone)
Example

我家养了一只白兔子。

wǒ jiā yǎng le yì zhī bái tù zi

My family has a white rabbit.
40 叉子 chā zi — fork HSK 5
- 叉 fork (the utensil with prongs)
- 子 nominal suffix forming the noun
Example

我需要一把叉子吃沙拉。

wǒ xū yào yī bǎ chā zi chī shā lā

I need a fork to eat salad.
41 女子 nǚ zǐ — woman HSK 5
- 女 female, woman
- 子 formal suffix for person
Example

她是一位优秀的女子运动员。

tā shì yī wèi yōu xiù de nǚ zǐ yùn dòng yuán

She is an excellent female athlete.
42 子女 zǐ nǚ — children HSK 5
- 子 sons, male children
- 女 daughters, female children
Example

他有三个子女。

tā yǒu sān gè zǐ nǚ

He has three children.
43 尺子 chǐ zi — ruler HSK 5
- 尺 measurement tool; ruler
- 子 nominal suffix (no semantic meaning)
Example

我需要一把尺子来画直线。

wǒ xū yào yì bǎ chǐ zi lái huà zhí xiàn

I need a ruler to draw straight lines.
44 扇子 shàn zi — fan HSK 5
- 扇 fan (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (makes it a concrete object)
Example

她买了一把漂亮的扇子。

tā mǎi le yì bǎ piào liang de shàn zi

She bought a beautiful fan.
45 柜子 guì zi — cabinet HSK 5
- 柜 cabinet, cupboard (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes a complete noun)
Example

我把衣服放在柜子里。

wǒ bǎ yī fu fàng zài guì zi lǐ

I put the clothes in the cabinet.
46 橘子 jú zi — orange; mandarin orange HSK 5
- 橘 orange (citrus fruit); mandarin orange
- 子 noun suffix indicating the fruit itself
Example

妈妈买了一些橘子。

mā ma mǎi le yì xiē jú zi

Mom bought some oranges.
47 橙子 chéng zi — orange HSK 5
- 橙 orange (the main root meaning)
- 子 noun suffix (forms concrete nouns)
Example

我喜欢吃橙子。

wǒ xǐ huan chī chéng zi

I like to eat oranges.
48 沙子 shā zi — sand HSK 5
- 沙 sand, the main semantic component
- 子 noun suffix, makes the word more colloquial
Example

海滩上有很多沙子。

hǎi tān shàng yǒu hěn duō shā zi

There's a lot of sand on the beach.
49 猴子 hóu zi — monkey HSK 5
- 猴 monkey (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (completes the standard word for monkey)
Example

动物园里有很多猴子。

dòng wù yuán lǐ yǒu hěn duō hóu zi

There are many monkeys in the zoo.
50 电子版 diàn zǐ bǎn — electronic version HSK 5
- 电 electric/electronic
- 子 forms compound with 电 to mean 'electronic'
- 版 version/edition
Example

这本书有电子版吗？

zhè běn shū yǒu diàn zǐ bǎn ma

Does this book have an electronic version?
51 男子 nán zǐ — man HSK 5
- 男 male
- 子 person (formal suffix)
Example

一个男子在公园里跑步。

yí gè nán zǐ zài gōng yuán lǐ pǎo bù

A man is running in the park.
52 种子 zhǒng zi — seed HSK 5
- 种 to plant, cultivate
- 子 seed, grain (noun suffix)
Example

农民在春天播种子。

nóng mín zài chūn tiān bō zhǒng zi

Farmers plant seeds in spring.
53 竹子 zhú zi — bamboo HSK 5
- 竹 bamboo (root meaning)
- 子 noun suffix (makes bamboo into a complete noun)
Example

熊猫喜欢吃竹子。

xióng māo xǐ huan chī zhú zi

Pandas like to eat bamboo.
54 虫子 chóng zi — insect HSK 5
- 虫 insect, bug (main semantic component)
- 子 diminutive suffix making the word colloquial
Example

花园里有很多虫子。

huā yuán lǐ yǒu hěn duō chóng zi

There are many insects in the garden.
55 被子 bèi zi — quilt HSK 5
- 被 covering, the main semantic component meaning 'to cover' or 'covering'
- 子 noun suffix that turns the covering concept into a concrete object
Example

晚上睡觉要盖被子。

wǎn shang shuì jiào yào gài bèi zi

You need to cover yourself with a quilt when sleeping at night.
56 鸭子 yā zi — duck HSK 5
- 鸭 duck (the bird)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

池塘里有很多鸭子。

chí táng lǐ yǒu hěn duō yā zi

There are many ducks in the pond.
57 一辈子 yí bèi zi — a lifetime HSK 6
- 一 one
- 辈 generation, lifetime
- 子 noun suffix
Example

我想和你过一辈子。

wǒ xiǎng hé nǐ guò yí bèi zi

I want to spend a lifetime with you.
58 侄子 zhí zi — nephew HSK 6
- 侄 nephew (brother's son)
- 子 suffix forming the complete noun
Example

我侄子今年十岁了。

wǒ zhí zi jīn nián shí suì le

My nephew is ten years old this year.
59 嗓子 sǎng zi — throat; voice HSK 6
- 嗓 throat/vocal area (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (completes the noun formation)
Example

我嗓子疼，不能唱歌。

wǒ sǎng zi téng bù néng chàng gē

My throat hurts, I can't sing.
60 影子 yǐng zi — shadow HSK 6
- 影 shadow, image (provides the core meaning)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a concrete noun)
Example

树的影子很长。

shù de yǐng zi hěn cháng

The tree's shadow is very long.
61 棋子 qí zǐ — game piece HSK 6
- 棋 chess/board game
- 子 piece/token
Example

他把棋子放在棋盘上。

tā bǎ qí zǐ fàng zài qí pán shàng

He placed the game piece on the board.
62 狮子 shī zi — lion HSK 6
- 狮 lion (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (completes the word for lion)
Example

动物园里有两只狮子。

dòng wù yuán lǐ yǒu liǎng zhī shī zi

There are two lions in the zoo.
63 王子 wáng zǐ — prince HSK 6
- 王 king
- 子 son
Example

小王子住在城堡里。

xiǎo wáng zǐ zhù zài chéng bǎo lǐ

The little prince lives in the castle.
64 稿子 gǎo zi — manuscript HSK 6
- 稿 manuscript, draft, written work
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word more colloquial)
Example

这篇稿子写得很好。

zhè piān gǎo zi xiě de hěn hǎo

This manuscript is written very well.
65 粽子 zòng zi — zongzi (sticky rice dumpling) HSK 6
- 粽 rice dumpling (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (no semantic meaning)
Example

奶奶包的粽子特别好吃。

nǎi nai bāo de zòng zi tè bié hǎo chī

Grandma's zongzi are especially delicious.
66 胡子 hú zi — beard HSK 6
- 胡 facial (area around the mouth)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

他留着长胡子。

tā liú zhe cháng hú zi

He has a long beard.
67 脑子 nǎo zi — brain HSK 6
- 脑 brain (the organ)
- 子 colloquial suffix (makes the word more informal)
Example

用脑子想一想。

yòng nǎo zi xiǎng yi xiǎng

Use your brain to think about it.
68 脖子 bó zi — neck HSK 6
- 脖 neck (anatomical part)
- 子 nominal suffix (no independent meaning)
Example

我的脖子疼。

wǒ de bó zi téng

My neck hurts.
69 袖子 xiù zi — sleeve HSK 6
- 袖 sleeve; the part of a garment that covers the arm
- 子 nominal suffix; forms a complete noun without adding specific meaning
Example

这件衣服的袖子太长了。

zhè jiàn yī fu de xiù zi tài cháng le

The sleeves of this garment are too long.
70 轮子 lún zi — wheel HSK 6
- 轮 wheel, the main semantic component
- 子 noun suffix making it a concrete object
Example

汽车有四个轮子。

qì chē yǒu sì gè lún zi

A car has four wheels.
71 金子 jīn zi — gold HSK 6
- 金 gold, the precious metal
- 子 noun suffix making the word more colloquial
Example

这个戒指是金子做的。

zhè ge jiè zhi shì jīn zi zuò de

This ring is made of gold.
72 面子 miàn zi — face (social reputation/prestige) HSK 6
- 面 face (provides the core concept of social face/reputation)
- 子 suffix (nominalizes and makes the word colloquial)
Example

为了面子，他借钱买了辆新车。

wèi le miàn zi tā jiè qián mǎi le liàng xīn chē

For the sake of face, he borrowed money to buy a new car.
73 骗子 piàn zi — swindler HSK 6
- 骗 to deceive, to cheat
- 子 person suffix (forms noun referring to a person)
Example

小心骗子，不要随便给陌生人钱。

xiǎo xīn piàn zi bú yào suí biàn gěi mò shēng rén qián

Beware of swindlers, don't casually give money to strangers.
74 一揽子 yì lǎn zi — comprehensive; package HSK 7
- 一 one; single
- 揽 to gather; to embrace
- 子 suffix (nominalizing/informal marker)
Example

政府推出了一揽子经济刺激方案。

zhèng fǔ tuī chū le yì lǎn zi jīng jì cì jī fāng àn

The government launched a comprehensive economic stimulus package.
75 两下子 liǎng xià zi — some skill; a couple of tricks HSK 7
- 两 a couple of, some (indicates a modest amount)
- 下 measure word for actions or moves (like strokes or tricks)
- 子 suffix that nominalizes the phrase into a noun meaning 'skill/ability'
Example

别看她年轻，做菜还真有两下子。

bié kàn tā niánqīng zuò cài hái zhēn yǒu liǎng xià zi

Don't judge her by her youth; she actually has some real cooking skills.
76 两口子 liǎng kǒu zi — married couple HSK 7
- 两 two (people)
- 口 person (measure word for household members)
- 子 suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

他们两口子经营着一家小餐馆。

tā men liǎng kǒu zi jīng yíng zhe yī jiā xiǎo cān guǎn

The couple runs a small restaurant.
77 丸子 wán zi — meatball HSK 7
- 丸 ball, round shape
- 子 diminutive suffix for small food items
Example

这碗汤里有丸子。

zhè wǎn tāng lǐ yǒu wán zi

There are meatballs in this bowl of soup.
78 亭子 tíng zi — pavilion HSK 7
- 亭 pavilion (main meaning)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

公园里有一个美丽的亭子。

gōng yuán lǐ yǒu yí gè měi lì de tíng zi

There is a beautiful pavilion in the park.
79 位子 wèi zi — seat HSK 7
- 位 position, place (for sitting)
- 子 suffix making the word colloquial and concrete
Example

这个位子有人坐吗？

zhè ge wèi zi yǒu rén zuò ma

Is this seat taken?
80 凳子 dèng zi — stool HSK 7
- 凳 stool, bench (main meaning)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

他坐在凳子上看书。

tā zuò zài dèng zi shàng kàn shū

He is sitting on a stool reading.
81 口子 kǒu zi — opening, gap, tear HSK 7
- 口 opening, hole
- 子 noun suffix (no independent meaning)
Example

这件衣服破了一个口子。

zhè jiàn yī fu pò le yí ge kǒu zi

This piece of clothing has a tear.
82 君子 jūn zǐ — gentleman, man of virtue HSK 7
- 君 noble, superior (originally 'ruler' or 'lord')
- 子 person (suffix denoting a type of person)
Example

君子爱财，取之有道。

jūn zǐ ài cái qǔ zhī yǒu dào

A gentleman loves wealth, but obtains it through proper means.
83 圈子 quān zi — circle HSK 7
- 圈 circle, ring
- 子 nominal suffix
Example

他在商业圈子里很有名。

tā zài shāng yè quān zi lǐ hěn yǒu míng

He is very famous in business circles.
84 垫子 diàn zi — mat HSK 7
- 垫 to pad, cushion; the main semantic element meaning 'mat' or 'padding'
- 子 noun suffix that forms a concrete object from the verb 垫
Example

她在地板上放了一个瑜伽垫子。

tā zài dì bǎn shàng fàng le yí gè yú jiā diàn zi

She put a yoga mat on the floor.
85 夹子 jiā zi — clip, clamp HSK 7
- 夹 to clip, to pinch (core action)
- 子 noun suffix (makes it a concrete object)
Example

她用夹子夹住头发。

tā yòng jiā zi jiā zhù tóu fa

She used a clip to hold her hair.
86 嫂子 sǎo zi — sister-in-law (elder brother's wife) HSK 7
- 嫂 elder brother's wife
- 子 suffix (makes the term more colloquial)
Example

我嫂子做饭很好吃。

wǒ sǎo zi zuò fàn hěn hǎo chī

My sister-in-law cooks very delicious food.
87 子弟 zǐ dì — children; younger generation HSK 7
- 子 child; offspring
- 弟 younger member; younger generation
Example

他们是革命烈士的子弟。

tā men shì gé mìng liè shì de zǐ dì

They are children of revolutionary martyrs.
88 子弹 zǐ dàn — bullet HSK 7
- 子 suffix for small objects; diminutive particle
- 弹 projectile; the main component meaning bullet
Example

警察在现场发现了三颗子弹。

jǐng chá zài xiàn chǎng fā xiàn le sān kē zǐ dàn

The police found three bullets at the scene.
89 学子 xué zǐ — student; scholar HSK 7
- 学 study, learning - contributes the academic/educational aspect
- 子 person, one who - classical suffix referring to a person, adds formality
Example

这所大学培养了许多优秀学子。

zhè suǒ dà xué péi yǎng le xǔ duō yōu xiù xué zǐ

This university has cultivated many excellent students.
90 帖子 tiě zi — post HSK 7
- 帖 note, card; the core meaning of a written message
- 子 nominal suffix forming a complete noun
Example

我在论坛上发了一个帖子。

wǒ zài lùn tán shàng fā le yí gè tiě zi

I posted a post on the forum.
91 帘子 lián zi — curtain HSK 7
- 帘 curtain/screen (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (adds familiar or colloquial tone)
Example

门口挂着一块蓝色的帘子。

mén kǒu guà zhe yí kuài lán sè de lián zi

A blue curtain hangs at the doorway.
92 底子 dǐ zi — foundation HSK 7
- 底 bottom, base, foundation
- 子 nominalizing suffix with no independent meaning
Example

他的英语底子很好。

tā de yīng yǔ dǐ zi hěn hǎo

His English foundation is very good.
93 弟子 dì zǐ — disciple HSK 7
- 弟 junior, younger (indicating subordinate learning position)
- 子 person, one who (forms noun referring to a person)
Example

孔子有很多弟子。

Kǒng zǐ yǒu hěn duō dì zǐ

Confucius had many disciples.
94 担子 dàn zi — burden; load; carrying pole HSK 7
- 担 to carry; to shoulder; to bear
- 子 noun suffix
Example

他肩上的担子很重。

tā jiān shàng de dàn zi hěn zhòng

The burden on his shoulders is very heavy.
95 斧子 fǔ zi — axe HSK 7
- 斧 the axe tool itself; the main semantic component
- 子 nominal suffix that makes it a common colloquial noun
Example

他用斧子砍树。

tā yòng fǔ zi kǎn shù

He used an axe to chop trees.
96 架子 jià zi — shelf, rack HSK 7
- 架 frame, support structure
- 子 noun suffix (makes it refer to the object itself)
Example

我需要买一个新架子来放鞋子。

wǒ xū yào mǎi yí ge xīn jià zi lái fàng xié zi

I need to buy a new rack to put shoes on.
97 柱子 zhù zi — pillar HSK 7
- 柱 pillar, column (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a common noun)
Example

房间里有四根柱子。

fáng jiān lǐ yǒu sì gēn zhù zi

There are four pillars in the room.
98 柿子 shì zi — persimmon HSK 7
- 柿 persimmon tree/fruit
- 子 noun suffix (for fruits and small objects)
Example

秋天的柿子很甜。

qiū tiān de shì zi hěn tián

Autumn persimmons are very sweet.
99 格子 gé zi — check (pattern), grid, plaid HSK 7
- 格 lattice, grid, pattern
- 子 noun suffix
Example

她穿着一件格子衬衫。

tā chuān zhe yī jiàn gé zi chèn shān

She is wearing a checkered shirt.
100 梯子 tī zi — ladder HSK 7
- 梯 ladder, steps
- 子 nominal suffix (forms a complete noun)
Example

他爬上梯子修理屋顶。

tā pá shàng tī zi xiū lǐ wū dǐng

He climbed up the ladder to repair the roof.
101 梳子 shū zi — comb HSK 7
- 梳 to comb (provides the core meaning related to combing hair)
- 子 noun suffix (transforms the verb into a concrete object)
Example

她用梳子梳头发。

tā yòng shū zi shū tóu fa

She uses a comb to brush her hair.
102 椰子 yē zi — coconut HSK 7
- 椰 coconut palm
- 子 fruit/seed (noun suffix)
Example

海南岛盛产椰子。

Hǎi nán dǎo shèng chǎn yē zi

Hainan Island produces coconuts abundantly.
103 毯子 tǎn zi — blanket HSK 7
- 毯 blanket, a thick fabric covering
- 子 nominal suffix with no specific meaning
Example

天冷了，我需要一条毯子。

tiān lěng le wǒ xū yào yì tiáo tǎn zi

It's cold, I need a blanket.
104 炉子 lú zi — stove HSK 7
- 炉 stove, furnace
- 子 nominal suffix (no specific meaning)
Example

冬天我们用炉子取暖。

dōng tiān wǒ men yòng lú zi qǔ nuǎn

In winter we use a stove for heating.
105 点子 diǎn zi — idea, suggestion HSK 7
- 点 point, small unit (suggesting a specific thought)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word colloquial and informal)
Example

这个点子不错!

zhè ge diǎn zi bù cuò

This idea is pretty good!
106 燕子 yàn zi — swallow HSK 7
- 燕 swallow (the bird species)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

春天来了，燕子飞回来了。

chūn tiān lái le yàn zi fēi huí lái le

Spring has come, the swallows have flown back.
107 爪子 zhuǎ zi — claw HSK 7
- 爪 claw, the sharp curved nail or hooked foot of an animal
- 子 nominal suffix with no independent meaning, making it a complete colloquial noun
Example

猫的爪子很锋利。

māo de zhuǎ zi hěn fēng lì

The cat's claws are very sharp.
108 片子 piān zi — film, movie HSK 7
- 片 flat piece, film (refers to the flat nature of film/photographs)
- 子 colloquial noun suffix (makes the word more casual and spoken)
Example

我昨天看了一个很好看的片子。

wǒ zuó tiān kàn le yí gè hěn hǎo kàn de piān zi

I watched a very good movie yesterday.
109 瓜子 guā zǐ — melon seeds HSK 7
- 瓜 melon/gourd (the plant source)
- 子 seed
Example

我们一边看电视，一边嗑瓜子。

wǒ men yì biān kàn diàn shì yì biān kè guā zǐ

We watch TV while cracking melon seeds.
110 疯子 fēng zi — madman; crazy person HSK 7
- 疯 crazy; mad; insane
- 子 noun suffix denoting a person
Example

他像个疯子一样大喊大叫。

tā xiàng gè fēng zi yí yàng dà hǎn dà jiào

He shouted like a madman.
111 知识分子 zhī shí fèn zǐ — intellectual HSK 7
- 知 knowledge, knowing
- 识 knowledge, recognition
- 分 member, element
- 子 person (suffix)
Example

她作为知识分子，关心社会问题。

tā zuò wéi zhī shí fèn zǐ guān xīn shè huì wèn tí

As an intellectual, she cares about social issues.
112 碰钉子 pèng dīng zi — meet with a rebuff HSK 7
- 碰 bump into, encounter
- 钉 nail (obstacle)
- 子 nominal suffix
Example

他去找老板请假，结果碰了钉子。

tā qù zhǎo lǎo bǎn qǐng jià jié guǒ pèng le dīng zi

He went to ask the boss for leave, but met with a rebuff.
113 笛子 dí zi — bamboo flute HSK 7
- 笛 flute, whistle instrument
- 子 nominal suffix (forms noun)
Example

他会吹笛子。

tā huì chuī dí zi

He can play the bamboo flute.
114 笼子 lóng zi — cage HSK 7
- 笼 cage, enclosure (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a concrete everyday noun)
Example

鸟在笼子里唱歌。

niǎo zài lóng zi lǐ chàng gē

The bird sings in the cage.
115 绳子 shéng zi — rope HSK 7
- 绳 rope; the main semantic component
- 子 nominal suffix; makes the word more colloquial and concrete
Example

这根绳子太短了。

zhè gēn shéng zi tài duǎn le

This rope is too short.
116 莲子 lián zǐ — lotus seed HSK 7
- 莲 lotus (plant)
- 子 seed
Example

莲子汤是一种营养丰富的甜品。

lián zǐ tāng shì yī zhǒng yíng yǎng fēng fù de tián pǐn

Lotus seed soup is a nutritious dessert.
117 蚊子 wén zi — mosquito HSK 7
- 蚊 mosquito (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (completes the noun)
Example

蚊子咬了我一口。

wén zi yǎo le wǒ yì kǒu

A mosquito bit me.
118 豆子 dòu zi — beans HSK 7
- 豆 bean, legume (main semantic component)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word colloquial)
Example

妈妈在煮豆子。

mā ma zài zhǔ dòu zi

Mom is cooking beans.
119 路子 lù zi — way; method; approach; connections HSK 7
- 路 road, path, way (the core meaning)
- 子 nominalizing suffix (makes it a concrete noun)
Example

我们要找对路子才能解决问题。

wǒ men yào zhǎo duì lù zi cái néng jiě jué wèn tí

We need to find the right approach to solve the problem.
120 身子 shēn zi — body HSK 7
- 身 body, physical self
- 子 colloquial suffix (makes the word informal)
Example

她身子虚弱，需要休息。

tā shēn zi xū ruò xū yào xiū xi

She is weak and needs rest.
121 辫子 biàn zi — braid HSK 7
- 辫 braid, plait (the main semantic component referring to intertwined strands of hair)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes the word more colloquial and concrete)
Example

小女孩扎着两条辫子。

xiǎo nǚ hái zhā zhe liǎng tiáo biàn zi

The little girl wears two braids.
122 钉子 dīng zi — nail HSK 7
- 钉 nail (the metal fastener itself)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a complete noun)
Example

他用锤子把钉子钉进了墙里。

tā yòng chuí zi bǎ dīng zi dīng jìn le qiáng lǐ

He hammered the nail into the wall.
123 钻空子 zuān kòng zi — exploit loopholes HSK 7
- 钻 drill into, penetrate, exploit
- 空 gap, empty space, loophole
- 子 nominal suffix (forms noun)
Example

有些人喜欢钻法律的空子。

yǒu xiē rén xǐ huan zuān fǎ lǜ de kòng zi

Some people like to exploit legal loopholes.
124 靴子 xuē zi — boot HSK 7
- 靴 boot (main semantic component)
- 子 noun suffix (no specific meaning, forms common noun)
Example

她穿着一双黑色的靴子。

tā chuān zhe yì shuāng hēi sè de xuē zi

She is wearing a pair of black boots.
125 靶子 bǎ zi — target HSK 7
- 靶 target (for shooting or aiming)
- 子 noun suffix (makes the word more concrete and colloquial)
Example

射箭运动员射中了靶子的中心。

shè jiàn yùn dòng yuán shè zhòng le bǎ zi de zhōng xīn

The archer hit the center of the target.
126 鸽子 gē zi — pigeon HSK 7
- 鸽 pigeon/dove (the bird)
- 子 nominal suffix (makes it a complete noun)
Example

广场上有很多鸽子。

guǎng chǎng shàng yǒu hěn duō gē zi

There are many pigeons in the square.

孙 sūn — grandchildren (generations beyond children)

1 孙女 sūn nǚ — granddaughter HSK 4
- 孙 grandchild, indicating the second generation descendant
- 女 female, specifies the granddaughter is a girl
Example

我的孙女今年五岁了。

wǒ de sūn nǚ jīn nián wǔ suì le

My granddaughter is five years old this year.
2 孙子 sūn zi — grandson HSK 4
- 孙 grandchild, of the grandchild generation
- 子 son, male child (specifying male gender)
Example

我的孙子今年五岁了。

wǒ de sūn zi jīn nián wǔ suì le

My grandson is five years old this year.

Structure & writing

1 子 zǐ — child (son or daughter in ancient usage); now specifically son

Xpinyin

子 is a component in 19 characters

HSK 1

好 hǎo good; satisfactory (opposite of 坏) 字 zì written character; word 学 xué to study; to learn (opposite of 教) 孩 hái young child

HSK 2

游 yóu unfixed; constantly moving

HSK 3

季 jì the youngest among brothers (伯, 仲, 叔, 季 denoting birth order) 李 lǐ plum tree (deciduous tree with white flowers)

HSK 4

仔 zǎi (dial.) young man 厚 hòu thick (of a flat object, opposite of 薄) 存 cún to exist; to be alive 孙 sūn grandchild; relatives of the grandchild's generation

HSK 5

享 xiǎng to possess; to obtain

HSK 6

孕 yùn pregnancy 孤 gū orphaned in childhood; later also referring to having lost both parents

HSK 7

孔 kǒng hole; opening; aperture 孝 xiào to respect and support one's parents 孪 luán twin; born as a pair from one birth 猛 měng fierce; ferocious 籽 zǐ seeds of certain plants

consists of

1.1 了 liǎo — to finish; to end

Xpinyin

了 is a component in 3 characters

HSK 1

子 zǐ child (son or daughter in ancient usage); now specifically son

HSK 5

疗 liáo to treat (illness) with medicine, surgery, etc.

HSK 7

辽 liáo distant; far

1.2 一 yī — the smallest positive integer; one (①used before a measure word ②used before a noun ③indicates a single action or a brief/tentative action)

一 is a component in 58 characters

HSK 1