上游 (shàng yóu) — Chinese word meaning

活 huó to live; to be alive (opposite of '死') 海 hǎi sea; ocean area near land (also used for large lakes, e.g. 青海, 里海) 清 qīng pure and clear, free of impurities (opposite of '浊'); ① purely, solely; ② quiet 渴 kě to be thirsty 满 mǎn full; filled to capacity 演 yǎn to evolve; to change gradually 澡 zǎo to bathe, wash the whole body 激 jī to strike with water; to stir up emotions

汤 tāng hot water; boiling water 油 yóu oil (liquid fat from animals or plants, or liquid hydrocarbon mixture from minerals) 泼 pō to splash or spill liquid forcefully 洋 yáng ocean (the vast body of salt water covering about 70% of Earth's surface, divided into four parts: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic Oceans) 洲 zhōu continent (one of the seven major landmasses of the earth) 流 liú to flow (of liquid) 济 jì cross a river; ford 浪 làng wave; billow on rivers, lakes, or seas 消 xiāo to gradually diminish until gone; to vanish 深 shēn deep (opposite of shallow) 温 wēn neither cold nor hot; lukewarm 漫 màn to overflow (water spilling over) 落 luò to fall; to drop down

沿 yán along (a river, road, or edge of something) 泛 fàn to float; to drift 泪 lèi tears; colorless liquid secreted by the lacrimal glands of the eye 洒 sǎ to sprinkle or scatter water or other things on the ground 洞 dòng cave; hole; hollow or deep recess in an object 浅 qiǎn shallow (opposite of 'deep') 浇 jiāo to pour liquid onto something 测 cè to measure; to gauge using instruments or standards 浏 liú (lit.) clear and limpid (of water) 浓 nóng (of liquid or gas) thick; dense (opposite of 淡) 润 rùn to moisten; to add oil or water to prevent dryness 涨 zhǎng to rise (of water level) 淡 dàn dilute; thin (of liquid or gas, opposite of 浓) 渐 jiàn gradually; little by little 湖 hú lake (large body of water surrounded by land) 湿 shī wet; damp; moist (opposite of 干) 源 yuán source of water, where a stream originates (opposite of 流) 滑 huá smooth; slippery (low friction) 滚 gǔn to roll; to tumble 漏 lòu to drip, seep, or fall through a hole or crack 漠 mò desert; arid sandy region 范 fàn (lit.) mold; model 薄 bó slight, little

洁 jié clean; pure; free of impurities 洪 hóng large; great 浮 fú to float on the surface of a liquid (opposite of '沉') 浴 yù to bathe; to take a bath 涉 shè to wade across water; to cross over water 涌 yǒng to gush; (of water) to bubble up; (of clouds) to rise 液 yè liquid; a fluid substance with definite volume but no fixed shape 涵 hán to contain; to encompass 淋 lín to drip or splash onto a surface 淘 táo to rinse (granular material) in water to remove impurities 混 hùn to mix (different things) together 淹 yān to submerge; to flood 添 tiān to add; to increase 渠 qú waterway, especially an artificially dug canal or ditch 渡 dù to cross (a river or body of water) 港 gǎng harbor or port where large ships can dock 滴 dī to drip (liquid falls drop by drop) 漱 shù to rinse the mouth with water 潜 qián to submerge; to dive underwater 潮 cháo tidal phenomenon; rise and fall of seawater due to the gravitational pull of the sun and moon

沐 mù to wash one's hair; to bathe, wash 沛 pèi (lit.) abundant; copious; vigorous 沧 cāng dark green (of water) 沫 mò foam; froth (tiny bubbles formed by a liquid) 沮 jǔ to stop; to obstruct 沸 fèi to boil (of a liquid heated to the point of rapid vaporization) 沼 zhǎo natural pond; marsh 沾 zhān to soak; to moisten 泄 xiè (of liquid or gas) to discharge, to leak out 泊 bó to moor a boat; to dock 泌 mì to secrete (a substance from a living organism) 泞 nìng (lit.) accumulated mud; mire 波 bō waves on the surface of water (rivers, lakes, seas, etc.) 泣 qì to weep silently or softly 泻 xiè to flow down rapidly (of liquid) 津 jīn ford; river crossing 洽 qià harmonious; in accord 浊 zhuó (of water, air, etc.) murky, impure, turbid — opposite of 清 浑 hún murky; turbid (of water) 浩 hào vast, grand, magnificent 浸 jìn to soak in liquid; to steep 涂 tú to apply (paint, ointment, etc.) by spreading or brushing onto a surface 涕 tì tears 涛 tāo large waves 涝 lào waterlogged (of crops flooded by excessive rain, opposite of 旱) 涡 wō whirlpool; eddy formed by rotating water 涤 dí to wash 涩 sè rough; not smooth (high friction) 涮 shuàn to swish in water to rinse lightly 涯 yá water's edge; shore; boundary 淀 diàn shallow lake (used in place names) 淆 xiáo confused, mixed up, disordered 淌 tǎng （of liquid）to flow down, to trickle 淤 yū to silt up; to become clogged with sediment 淳 chún a surname 渔 yú to fish; to catch fish 渗 shèn to seep; to permeate slowly 渣 zhā residue left after extracting the essence or juice 渺 miǎo vast and boundless (of water) 湃 pài used in '澎湃': ① waves crashing loudly against each other; ② (fig.) surging emotions; ③ (fig.) grand and imposing momentum 湛 zhàn deep 湾 wān a bend or curve in a river 溃 kuì breach (of a dike by floodwater) 溅 jiàn (of liquid) to splash, to spatter 溉 gài (lit.) to irrigate; to water 溜 liū to glide; to slide (downward) 溢 yì to overflow; to brim over 溪 xī small stream or brook 溯 sù to go against the current 溶 róng to dissolve (a substance uniformly distributed in another to form a solution) 溺 nì to drown; to be submerged in water 滋 zī to grow, to sprout 滔 tāo floodwaters overflowing 滞 zhì to stagnate, accumulate, not flow freely 滤 lǜ to filter; to strain (liquid or gas through gauze, charcoal, sand, etc. to remove impurities) 滥 làn to overflow; to flood 滨 bīn waterside; place near water 滩 tān beach; shoal; sandbank (flat land formed by silt along rivers, lakes, or seas) 漆 qī general term for viscous coating materials (paint/lacquer) 漾 yàng ripple on the water surface 潇 xiāo (lit.) clear and deep (of water) 潦 liáo see "潦草": ① (handwriting) untidy; ② (work) careless, sloppy 潭 tán deep pool; deep pit; by extension: deep 澄 chéng clear and transparent (of water) 澈 chè clear and transparent (of water) 澎 péng used in "澎湖" (Penghu Islands, in the southeastern Taiwan Strait) 澜 lán large waves; billows 濒 bīn to border on (a body of water) 瀑 pù waterfall 瀚 hàn (lit.) vast; boundless 灌 guàn to irrigate; to water 茫 máng vast and boundless, indistinct 萍 píng duckweed; aquatic herb floating on water surface with flat oval leaves and hanging roots 衍 yǎn (lit.) to develop and elaborate; to extend and unfold

芳 fāng fragrant; sweet-smelling (of flowers and plants)

住 zhù to reside; to stay (permanently or temporarily) 作 zuò to work; to make; to produce 你 nǐ you (second person singular pronoun) 便 biàn convenient; to make convenient, smooth, without difficulty or obstruction 候 hòu to wait; to await 做 zuò to make; to manufacture (a physical object)

化 huà to change in nature or form; to transform 复 fù to repeat; to do more than once

任 rèn to appoint; to assign to a post 份 fèn a portion or share of a whole divided into parts 优 yōu excellent; superior (opposite of 劣) 伙 huǒ meals; food provisions 估 gū to estimate, to reckon approximately 低 dī low (opposite of 'high'); close to the ground 何 hé interrogative pronoun: ① what ② where ③ why 使 shǐ to dispatch; to order about 例 lì example; instance used as a reference or model 供 gōng to supply; to provide money or goods for those in need 保 bǎo to guard and protect from harm or loss 俩 liǎ two (cannot be followed by 个 or other measure words) 倍 bèi a multiple; a number equal to another multiplied by a given factor 倒 dǎo to fall down; to topple over 值 zhí price; value; numerical value 停 tíng to stop, to cease moving 偶 ǒu idol; figure made of wood or clay 傅 fù (lit.) to assist; to instruct 傲 ào arrogant; proud 夜 yè night (from dusk to dawn), opposite of '日'/'昼'

传 chuán to pass from one party to another; to hand down from generation to generation 伴 bàn companion; partner 伸 shēn to stretch out; to extend 似 sì to resemble; to be like 佛 fó Buddha (abbrev. of Sanskrit transliteration '佛陀'); esp. Shakyamuni, founder of Buddhism 佳 jiā beautiful, good 依 yī to lean on; to rely on, to depend on 促 cù short (of time) 俗 sú custom; social habit or convention formed over time 倡 chàng to initiate; to advocate 傍 bàng to be close to; to be beside 催 cuī to urge; to press someone to act quickly 傻 shǎ foolish, stupid 宿 sù to lodge; to spend the night; to sleep overnight 拖 tuō to drag (an object along a surface) 施 shī to implement; to exert

侧 cè side; lateral (opposite of 'front/upright') 俱 jù all, entirely 倾 qīng to tilt; to lean 偷 tōu to steal; to take something without the owner's knowledge 偿 cháng to repay; to compensate 储 chǔ to save, to store up

伏 fú to lean forward onto something; to lie face down, prostrate 伐 fá to chop (a tree); to fell 伦 lún generation; kind; category 伪 wěi false; fake; deceitful (opposite of 真) 伯 bó uncle (father's elder brother) 伺 sì to watch; to lie in wait 佑 yòu to assist and protect 佣 yōng to hire or be hired 侃 kǎn (lit.) upright and forthright 侈 chǐ wasteful; extravagant 侍 shì to serve, attend upon, wait on someone 侠 xiá a chivalrous person or act of helping the oppressed through personal strength 侣 lǚ companion; partner 侥 jiǎo 见"侥幸": to gain benefit or avoid misfortune by chance 侦 zhēn to spy; to secretly investigate or scout 侨 qiáo to reside abroad 侮 wǔ to bully, to treat with contempt 侵 qīn to invade, to encroach on others' rights 俊 jùn handsome; good-looking (opposite of ugly) 俏 qiào handsome; good-looking; nimble and graceful 俘 fú prisoner of war; captive 俭 jiǎn frugal, thrifty (opposite of 奢) 俯 fǔ to bow one's head, face downward (opposite of 仰) 倔 juè straightforward in character, blunt in speech 倘 tǎng if; supposing that 倚 yǐ to lean against 倦 juàn tired, weary 债 zhài debt (money owed to others) 偏 piān not straight; off-center; tilted (opposite of 正) 僚 liáo government official 僧 sēng Buddhist monk 僵 jiāng stiff, rigid (of limbs) 僻 pì remote, far from the center