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Character

山

shān HSK 5
山 shān HSK 5
  • 1. mountain; hill
  • 2. something shaped like a mountain
  • 3. silkworm trellis for spinning cocoons
  • 4. gable wall
  • 5. a surname
  • 6. produced in mountain areas
Words using 山 as shān (15)
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  • 6 冰山一角 bīng shān yī jiǎo — tip of the iceberg HSK 7
    • 冰 ice (forming 'iceberg' with 山)
    • 山 mountain (forming 'iceberg')
    • 一 one (indicating a small portion)
    • 角 corner/tip (the visible part)
    Example

    这些腐败案件只是冰山一角，问题比我们想象的严重得多。

    zhè xiē fǔ bài àn jiàn zhǐ shì bīng shān yī jiǎo wèn tí bǐ wǒ men xiǎng xiàng de yán zhòng de duō

    These corruption cases are just the tip of the iceberg; the problem is much more serious than we imagine.

  • 7 山寨 shān zhài — mountain stronghold; counterfeit HSK 7
    • 山 mountain (originally refers to mountain hideouts)
    • 寨 fortress, stockade (completes the concept of mountain stronghold)
    Example

    市场上有很多山寨货。

    shì chǎng shàng yǒu hěn duō shān zhài huò

    There are many counterfeit goods in the market.

  • 8 山岭 shān lǐng — mountain range HSK 7
    • 山 mountain
    • 岭 ridge, range
    Example

    远处的山岭连绵起伏，景色壮观。

    yuǎn chù de shān lǐng lián mián qǐ fú jǐng sè zhuàng guān

    The mountain ranges in the distance rise and fall continuously, the scenery is magnificent.

  • 9 山川 shān chuān — mountains and rivers HSK 7
    Example

    他喜欢游览祖国的山川。

    tā xǐ huan yóu lǎn zǔ guó de shān chuān

    He likes to visit the mountains and rivers of his homeland.

  • 10 山脉 shān mài — mountain range HSK 7
    • 山 mountain
    • 脉 chain, connected system
    Example

    喜马拉雅山脉是世界上最高的山脉。

    xǐ mǎ lā yǎ shān mài shì shì jiè shàng zuì gāo de shān mài

    The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world.

  • 11 山谷 shān gǔ — valley HSK 7
    • 山 mountain (provides the geographical context)
    • 谷 valley (the low-lying area between mountains)
    Example

    山谷里有一条清澈的小溪。

    shān gǔ lǐ yǒu yī tiáo qīng chè de xiǎo xī

    There is a clear stream in the valley.

  • 12 愚公移山 yú gōng yí shān — the Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains (perseverance can overcome any difficulty) HSK 7
    • 愚 foolish (the epithet of the old man)
    • 公 old man (respectful term)
    • 移 to move, to relocate
    • 山 mountain, mountains
    Example

    只要有愚公移山的精神，没有什么困难不能克服。

    zhǐ yào yǒu yú gōng yí shān de jīng shén méi yǒu shén me kùn nán bù néng kè fú

    As long as you have the spirit of the Foolish Old Man moving mountains, no difficulty cannot be overcome.

  • 13 江山 jiāng shān — rivers and mountains; country; state power HSK 7
    • 江 rivers; represents waterways as part of the country's landscape and territory
    • 山 mountains; represents highlands as part of the country's landscape and territory
    Example

    打江山容易，守江山难。

    dǎ jiāng shān róng yì shǒu jiāng shān nán

    It's easy to conquer a country, but difficult to defend it.

  • 14 火山 huǒ shān — volcano HSK 7
    • 火 fire (representing volcanic/fiery nature)
    • 山 mountain (representing the physical form/structure)
    Example

    火山爆发时非常危险。

    huǒ shān bào fā shí fēi cháng wēi xiǎn

    It's very dangerous when a volcano erupts.

  • 15 雪山 xuě shān — snow mountain HSK 7
    Example

    雪山的景色非常美丽。

    xuě shān de jǐng sè fēi cháng měi lì

    The scenery of the snow mountain is very beautiful.

Structure & writing
山 shān — mountain; hill
山 is a component in 33 characters
HSK 1
岁 suì year
HSK 4
密 mì dense; closely spaced (opposite of sparse) 幽 yōu (lit.) deep and secluded; (of a place) remote, quiet, and dimly lit 微 wēi tiny; slight
HSK 6
岗 gǎng raised mound or slope of earth 岛 dǎo island (land surrounded by water on all sides); peninsula (land surrounded by water on three sides) 岸 àn shore; bank; coast (of a river, lake, sea, etc.) 峰 fēng high, pointed mountain peak 崇 chóng tall; lofty
Show more HSK 6 characters (+1)
崭 zhǎn (lit.) towering; standing out above the rest
HSK 7
仙 xiān immortal; a person with supernatural abilities in mythology 屹 yì (lit.) towering and firm, immovable 屿 yǔ small island 岂 qǐ rhetorical question marker, equivalent to 'how could' or 'is it possible that' 岔 chà branch (of a mountain range, river, road, etc.)
Show more HSK 7 characters (+18)
岖 qū used in '崎岖': ① (of mountain paths) rugged and uneven; ② (fig.) full of hardships and twists 岩 yán steep cliff 岭 lǐng mountain with a path over its summit 岳 yuè a tall, majestic mountain 峙 zhì (lit.) to stand tall; to stand erect 峡 xiá gorge; narrow waterway between two mountains (often used in place names) 峭 qiào steep and tall (of a mountain) 峻 jùn high and steep (of a mountain) 崎 qí (lit.) steep and uneven; rugged 崖 yá steep face of a cliff or rocky height 崛 jué (lit.) to rise up; to emerge powerfully 崩 bēng to collapse; to crumble 嵌 qiàn to inlay; to embed a smaller piece into a recess of a larger object (often decorative) 巅 diān mountain peak; summit 徽 huī emblem; badge; insignia 灿 càn bright; radiant; dazzling 炭 tàn charcoal, a fuel made by heating wood while cut off from air 癌 ái cancer; malignant tumor formed by abnormally proliferating cells

山 is an atomic character — it does not decompose further.

Stroke order