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弄虚作假 (nòng xū zuò jiǎ) — Chinese word meaning

HSK 7

弄虚作假 (nòng xū zuò jiǎ) is a Chinese word: to practice fraud; to falsify; to cheat. This page shows its pinyin, translation, example sentences, character breakdown, decomposition, and HSK level.

Meaning of 弄虚作假

动 dòng verb

to practice fraud; to falsify; to cheat

这家公司在财务报告中弄虚作假。

zhè jiā gōng sī zài cái wù bào gào zhōng nòng xū zuò jiǎ

This company falsified its financial reports.

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Word breakdown

弄 nòng — to manipulate; to handle

Words with this character (2)

虚 xū — false; empty; unreal

Words with this character (10)
  • 1 虚心 xū xīn — modest HSK 5
    • 虚 empty, humble (lack of arrogance)
    • 心 heart, mind (attitude, disposition)
    Example

    他虚心接受批评。

    tā xū xīn jiē shòu pī píng

    He modestly accepts criticism.

  • 2 谦虚 qiān xū — modest HSK 6
    • 谦 modest, humble, unassuming
    • 虚 empty of arrogance, modest
    Example

    他很谦虚，从不炫耀自己的成就。

    tā hěn qiān xū cóng bù xuàn yào zì jǐ de chéng jiù

    He is very modest and never shows off his achievements.

  • 3 空虚 kōng xū — empty HSK 7
    • 空 empty, vacant
    • 虚 void, hollow, unsubstantial
    Example

    退休后，他常常感到空虚。

    tuì xiū hòu tā cháng cháng gǎn dào kōng xū

    After retirement, he often feels empty.

  • 4 虚伪 xū wěi — hypocritical HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, hollow, insincere
    • 伪 false, fake, counterfeit
    Example

    我讨厌虚伪的人。

    wǒ tǎo yàn xū wěi de rén

    I hate hypocritical people.

  • 5 虚假 xū jiǎ — false HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, unreal, void
    • 假 false, fake, counterfeit
    Example

    这些虚假的信息误导了很多人。

    zhè xiē xū jiǎ de xìn xī wù dǎo le hěn duō rén

    This false information has misled many people.

Show more (+5)
  • 6 虚幻 xū huàn — illusory HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, void, unreal
    • 幻 illusion, fantasy, imaginary
    Example

    这一切都显得那么虚幻。

    zhè yī qiè dōu xiǎn de nà me xū huàn

    All this seems so illusory.

  • 7 虚弱 xū ruò — weak HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, deficient, lacking substance
    • 弱 weak, feeble, lacking strength
    Example

    他生病后身体很虚弱。

    tā shēng bìng hòu shēn tǐ hěn xū ruò

    After getting sick, his body is very weak.

  • 8 虚拟 xū nǐ — virtual HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, unreal, non-physical
    • 拟 to simulate, to imitate, to construct artificially
    Example

    虚拟现实技术正在改变我们的生活。

    xū nǐ xiàn shí jì shù zhèng zài gǎi biàn wǒ men de shēng huó

    Virtual reality technology is changing our lives.

  • 9 虚构 xū gòu — to fabricate, to make up HSK 7
    • 虚 false, unreal, empty
    • 构 to construct, to compose
    Example

    他虚构了一个完美的借口。

    tā xū gòu le yí gè wán měi de jiè kǒu

    He fabricated a perfect excuse.

  • 10 虚荣 xū róng — vanity HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, false, hollow
    • 荣 glory, honor
    Example

    她买名牌包只是为了满足虚荣心。

    tā mǎi míng pái bāo zhǐ shì wèi le mǎn zú xū róng xīn

    She buys designer bags just to satisfy her vanity.

作 zuò — to make; to create; to do

Words with this character (41)
Show more (+36)

假 jiǎ — fake; counterfeit; false

Words with this character (9)
  • 1 假如 jiǎ rú — if HSK 5
    • 假 suppose, hypothetical assumption
    • 如 as if, like (conditional element)
    Example

    假如明天下雨，我们就不去公园了。

    jiǎ rú míng tiān xià yǔ wǒ men jiù bù qù gōng yuán le

    If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.

  • 2 假设 jiǎ shè — to assume, to suppose, to hypothesize HSK 6
    • 假 hypothetical, supposed, assumed
    • 设 to establish, to set up, to propose
    Example

    假设明天下雨，我们就取消活动。

    jiǎ shè míng tiān xià yǔ wǒ men jiù qǔ xiāo huó dòng

    Assuming it rains tomorrow, we'll cancel the activity.

  • 3 不假思索 bù jiǎ sī suǒ — without thinking HSK 7
    • 不 not (negation)
    • 假 to borrow/use (time)
    • 思 to think
    • 索 to ponder/search
    Example

    他不假思索地回答了问题。

    tā bù jiǎ sī suǒ de huí dá le wèn tí

    He answered the question without thinking.

  • 4 假使 jiǎ shǐ — if, supposing HSK 7
    • 假 suppose, assume (introduces hypothetical condition)
    • 使 if (reinforces conditional meaning)
    Example

    假使明天下雨，我们就不去爬山了。

    jiǎ shǐ míng tiān xià yǔ wǒ men jiù bù qù pá shān le

    If it rains tomorrow, we won't go hiking.

  • 5 假冒 jiǎ mào — to counterfeit HSK 7
    • 假 false, fake, counterfeit
    • 冒 to pretend to be, to pass off as
    Example

    这家公司假冒名牌产品。

    zhè jiā gōng sī jiǎ mào míng pái chǎn pǐn

    This company counterfeits brand-name products.

Show more (+4)
  • 6 假定 jiǎ dìng — to assume HSK 7
    • 假 hypothetical, assumed, temporary
    • 定 to determine, to establish, to settle
    Example

    假定他明天会来，我们应该准备好。

    jiǎ dìng tā míng tiān huì lái wǒ men yīng gāi zhǔn bèi hǎo

    Assuming he comes tomorrow, we should be prepared.

  • 7 假装 jiǎ zhuāng — to pretend HSK 7
    • 假 false, fake
    • 装 to put on (an appearance)
    Example

    他假装没看见我。

    tā jiǎ zhuāng méi kàn jiàn wǒ

    He pretended not to see me.

  • 8 虚假 xū jiǎ — false HSK 7
    • 虚 empty, unreal, void
    • 假 false, fake, counterfeit
    Example

    这些虚假的信息误导了很多人。

    zhè xiē xū jiǎ de xìn xī wù dǎo le hěn duō rén

    This false information has misled many people.

  • 9 造假 zào jiǎ — to fake HSK 7
    • 造 to make, to create
    • 假 false, fake, counterfeit
    Example

    食品造假是严重的违法行为。

    shí pǐn zào jiǎ shì yán zhòng de wéi fǎ xíng wéi

    Food counterfeiting is a serious illegal act.

Structure & writing
1 弄 nòng — to handle, fiddle with, or play with something

弄 is not used as a component in any other character.

consists of

1.1 玉 yù — jade; a fine-grained, hard, lustrous mineral used for ornaments and carvings
玉 is a component in 5 characters
HSK 1
国 guó country; nation; state
HSK 3
全 quán complete, whole, lacking nothing
HSK 4
弄 nòng to handle, fiddle with, or play with something
HSK 5
宝 bǎo treasure; precious thing
HSK 7
莹 yíng (lit.) a smooth, jade-like stone
1.2 廾 gǒng — two hands holding/offering something
廾 is a component in 9 characters
HSK 4
弃 qì to abandon, to discard 弄 nòng to handle, fiddle with, or play with something
HSK 6
异 yì different; distinct 戒 jiè to guard against; to be vigilant
HSK 7
弈 yì ancient term for the game of Go (围棋) 弊 bì fraud; cheating to gain an advantage 舆 yú (lit.) carriage; cart 莽 mǎng dense, thick grass 葬 zàng funeral rites; disposal of a corpse according to custom

Stroke order

2 虚 xū — empty; hollow (opposite of 实)
虚 is a component in 1 characters
HSK 7
墟 xū ruins; a deserted place formerly inhabited by many people

consists of

2.1 虍 hū — tiger-stripe pattern; tiger skin markings
虍 is a component in 6 characters
HSK 4
虎 hǔ tiger (large feline mammal with yellow fur and black stripes) 虑 lǜ to think over; to ponder
HSK 5
虚 xū empty; hollow (opposite of 实)
HSK 7
虏 lǔ to capture (in battle) 虐 nüè cruel and vicious 虔 qián reverent; devout
2.2 业 yè — occupation; profession
业 is a component in 5 characters
HSK 4
亚 yà inferior (mostly used in negative constructions)
HSK 5
显 xiǎn visible; obvious; evident 虚 xū empty; hollow (opposite of 实)
HSK 6
壶 hú kettle; pot; jug (a vessel with a spout and handle for holding liquids)
HSK 7
凿 záo chisel (a hand tool with a blade for carving or boring)

Stroke order

3 作 zuò — to work; to make; to produce

作 is not used as a component in any other character.

consists of

3.1 亻 rén — person/human radical (standing figure)
亻 is a component in 117 characters
HSK 1
什 shén see "什么": ① interrogative pronoun; ② indefinite reference; ③ universal reference (used before 也/都); ④ surprise or dissatisfaction; ⑤ reproach; ⑥ disagreement; ⑦ non-exhaustive enumeration 他 tā third-person pronoun, generally male, sometimes gender-neutral (he/him; they) 们 men suffix added to pronouns or nouns referring to people to indicate plural 件 jiàn measure word for individual items 休 xiū to stop; to cease (something)
Show more HSK 1 characters (+6)
住 zhù to reside; to stay (permanently or temporarily) 作 zuò to work; to make; to produce 你 nǐ you (second person singular pronoun) 便 biàn convenient; to make convenient, smooth, without difficulty or obstruction 候 hòu to wait; to await 做 zuò to make; to manufacture (a physical object)
HSK 2
但 dàn only, merely 位 wèi position; location 体 tǐ the whole body of a person or animal; by extension, a part of the body 游 yóu unfixed; constantly moving
HSK 3
信 xìn letter; written message 借 jiè to borrow (something to be returned later) 假 jiǎ false; fake; not genuine, opposite of "真" 健 jiàn to strengthen; to make robust 像 xiàng portrait, image, or sculpture made in the likeness of a person or object
Show more HSK 3 characters (+2)
化 huà to change in nature or form; to transform 复 fù to repeat; to do more than once
HSK 4
仅 jǐn only; merely 仍 réng still; as before; unchanged 仔 zǎi (dial.) young man 付 fù to submit; to hand over 价 jià price; the monetary value of goods
Show more HSK 4 characters (+20)
任 rèn to appoint; to assign to a post 份 fèn a portion or share of a whole divided into parts 优 yōu excellent; superior (opposite of 劣) 伙 huǒ meals; food provisions 估 gū to estimate, to reckon approximately 低 dī low (opposite of 'high'); close to the ground 何 hé interrogative pronoun: ① what ② where ③ why 使 shǐ to dispatch; to order about 例 lì example; instance used as a reference or model 供 gōng to supply; to provide money or goods for those in need 保 bǎo to guard and protect from harm or loss 俩 liǎ two (cannot be followed by 个 or other measure words) 倍 bèi a multiple; a number equal to another multiplied by a given factor 倒 dǎo to fall down; to topple over 值 zhí price; value; numerical value 停 tíng to stop, to cease moving 偶 ǒu idol; figure made of wood or clay 傅 fù (lit.) to assist; to instruct 傲 ào arrogant; proud 夜 yè night (from dusk to dawn), opposite of '日'/'昼'
HSK 5
亿 yì one hundred million 代 dài to substitute; to replace 仿 fǎng to imitate; to follow as a model 伍 wǔ a military unit of five soldiers in ancient times; now refers to the army in general 伟 wěi great; sublime; inspiring reverence
Show more HSK 5 characters (+16)
传 chuán to pass from one party to another; to hand down from generation to generation 伴 bàn companion; partner 伸 shēn to stretch out; to extend 似 sì to resemble; to be like 佛 fó Buddha (abbrev. of Sanskrit transliteration '佛陀'); esp. Shakyamuni, founder of Buddhism 佳 jiā beautiful, good 依 yī to lean on; to rely on, to depend on 促 cù short (of time) 俗 sú custom; social habit or convention formed over time 倡 chàng to initiate; to advocate 傍 bàng to be close to; to be beside 催 cuī to urge; to press someone to act quickly 傻 shǎ foolish, stupid 宿 sù to lodge; to spend the night; to sleep overnight 拖 tuō to drag (an object along a surface) 施 shī to implement; to exert
HSK 6
仗 zhàng general term for ancient weapons 仪 yí appearance and bearing; demeanor 仰 yǎng face upward (opposite of 俯, to face downward) 佩 pèi to wear (on one's person); to carry at one's side 侄 zhí nephew (son of a brother or male peer; also used for a friend's son)
Show more HSK 6 characters (+6)
侧 cè side; lateral (opposite of 'front/upright') 俱 jù all, entirely 倾 qīng to tilt; to lean 偷 tōu to steal; to take something without the owner's knowledge 偿 cháng to repay; to compensate 储 chǔ to save, to store up
HSK 7
仁 rén benevolence; the Confucian moral concept centered on compassion, love, and altruism 仆 pú servant hired to do household chores 仇 chóu enemy; foe 仙 xiān immortal; a person with supernatural abilities in mythology 仲 zhòng second among siblings (after 伯, before 叔)
Show more HSK 7 characters (+33)
伏 fú to lean forward onto something; to lie face down, prostrate 伐 fá to chop (a tree); to fell 伦 lún generation; kind; category 伪 wěi false; fake; deceitful (opposite of 真) 伯 bó uncle (father's elder brother) 伺 sì to watch; to lie in wait 佑 yòu to assist and protect 佣 yōng to hire or be hired 侃 kǎn (lit.) upright and forthright 侈 chǐ wasteful; extravagant 侍 shì to serve, attend upon, wait on someone 侠 xiá a chivalrous person or act of helping the oppressed through personal strength 侣 lǚ companion; partner 侥 jiǎo 见"侥幸": to gain benefit or avoid misfortune by chance 侦 zhēn to spy; to secretly investigate or scout 侨 qiáo to reside abroad 侮 wǔ to bully, to treat with contempt 侵 qīn to invade, to encroach on others' rights 俊 jùn handsome; good-looking (opposite of ugly) 俏 qiào handsome; good-looking; nimble and graceful 俘 fú prisoner of war; captive 俭 jiǎn frugal, thrifty (opposite of 奢) 俯 fǔ to bow one's head, face downward (opposite of 仰) 倔 juè straightforward in character, blunt in speech 倘 tǎng if; supposing that 倚 yǐ to lean against 倦 juàn tired, weary 债 zhài debt (money owed to others) 偏 piān not straight; off-center; tilted (opposite of 正) 僚 liáo government official 僧 sēng Buddhist monk 僵 jiāng stiff, rigid (of limbs) 僻 pì remote, far from the center
3.2 乍 zhà — adverb meaning suddenly, abruptly
乍 is a component in 6 characters
HSK 1
作 zuò to work; to make; to produce 怎 zěn (colloq.) interrogative pronoun: how, why, what (asking about nature, state, manner, or reason) 昨 zuó yesterday
HSK 5
炸 zhà to burst or explode with a loud sound 窄 zhǎi narrow; not wide (opposite of 宽)
HSK 7
诈 zhà to deceive; to swindle

Stroke order

4 假 jiǎ — false; fake; not genuine, opposite of "真"
Xpinyin

假 is not used as a component in any other character.

consists of

4.1 亻 rén — person/human radical (standing figure)
亻 is a component in 117 characters
HSK 1
什 shén see "什么": ① interrogative pronoun; ② indefinite reference; ③ universal reference (used before 也/都); ④ surprise or dissatisfaction; ⑤ reproach; ⑥ disagreement; ⑦ non-exhaustive enumeration 他 tā third-person pronoun, generally male, sometimes gender-neutral (he/him; they) 们 men suffix added to pronouns or nouns referring to people to indicate plural 件 jiàn measure word for individual items 休 xiū to stop; to cease (something)
Show more HSK 1 characters (+6)
住 zhù to reside; to stay (permanently or temporarily) 作 zuò to work; to make; to produce 你 nǐ you (second person singular pronoun) 便 biàn convenient; to make convenient, smooth, without difficulty or obstruction 候 hòu to wait; to await 做 zuò to make; to manufacture (a physical object)
HSK 2
但 dàn only, merely 位 wèi position; location 体 tǐ the whole body of a person or animal; by extension, a part of the body 游 yóu unfixed; constantly moving
HSK 3
信 xìn letter; written message 借 jiè to borrow (something to be returned later) 假 jiǎ false; fake; not genuine, opposite of "真" 健 jiàn to strengthen; to make robust 像 xiàng portrait, image, or sculpture made in the likeness of a person or object
Show more HSK 3 characters (+2)
化 huà to change in nature or form; to transform 复 fù to repeat; to do more than once
HSK 4
仅 jǐn only; merely 仍 réng still; as before; unchanged 仔 zǎi (dial.) young man 付 fù to submit; to hand over 价 jià price; the monetary value of goods
Show more HSK 4 characters (+20)
任 rèn to appoint; to assign to a post 份 fèn a portion or share of a whole divided into parts 优 yōu excellent; superior (opposite of 劣) 伙 huǒ meals; food provisions 估 gū to estimate, to reckon approximately 低 dī low (opposite of 'high'); close to the ground 何 hé interrogative pronoun: ① what ② where ③ why 使 shǐ to dispatch; to order about 例 lì example; instance used as a reference or model 供 gōng to supply; to provide money or goods for those in need 保 bǎo to guard and protect from harm or loss 俩 liǎ two (cannot be followed by 个 or other measure words) 倍 bèi a multiple; a number equal to another multiplied by a given factor 倒 dǎo to fall down; to topple over 值 zhí price; value; numerical value 停 tíng to stop, to cease moving 偶 ǒu idol; figure made of wood or clay 傅 fù (lit.) to assist; to instruct 傲 ào arrogant; proud 夜 yè night (from dusk to dawn), opposite of '日'/'昼'
HSK 5
亿 yì one hundred million 代 dài to substitute; to replace 仿 fǎng to imitate; to follow as a model 伍 wǔ a military unit of five soldiers in ancient times; now refers to the army in general 伟 wěi great; sublime; inspiring reverence
Show more HSK 5 characters (+16)
传 chuán to pass from one party to another; to hand down from generation to generation 伴 bàn companion; partner 伸 shēn to stretch out; to extend 似 sì to resemble; to be like 佛 fó Buddha (abbrev. of Sanskrit transliteration '佛陀'); esp. Shakyamuni, founder of Buddhism 佳 jiā beautiful, good 依 yī to lean on; to rely on, to depend on 促 cù short (of time) 俗 sú custom; social habit or convention formed over time 倡 chàng to initiate; to advocate 傍 bàng to be close to; to be beside 催 cuī to urge; to press someone to act quickly 傻 shǎ foolish, stupid 宿 sù to lodge; to spend the night; to sleep overnight 拖 tuō to drag (an object along a surface) 施 shī to implement; to exert
HSK 6
仗 zhàng general term for ancient weapons 仪 yí appearance and bearing; demeanor 仰 yǎng face upward (opposite of 俯, to face downward) 佩 pèi to wear (on one's person); to carry at one's side 侄 zhí nephew (son of a brother or male peer; also used for a friend's son)
Show more HSK 6 characters (+6)
侧 cè side; lateral (opposite of 'front/upright') 俱 jù all, entirely 倾 qīng to tilt; to lean 偷 tōu to steal; to take something without the owner's knowledge 偿 cháng to repay; to compensate 储 chǔ to save, to store up
HSK 7
仁 rén benevolence; the Confucian moral concept centered on compassion, love, and altruism 仆 pú servant hired to do household chores 仇 chóu enemy; foe 仙 xiān immortal; a person with supernatural abilities in mythology 仲 zhòng second among siblings (after 伯, before 叔)
Show more HSK 7 characters (+33)
伏 fú to lean forward onto something; to lie face down, prostrate 伐 fá to chop (a tree); to fell 伦 lún generation; kind; category 伪 wěi false; fake; deceitful (opposite of 真) 伯 bó uncle (father's elder brother) 伺 sì to watch; to lie in wait 佑 yòu to assist and protect 佣 yōng to hire or be hired 侃 kǎn (lit.) upright and forthright 侈 chǐ wasteful; extravagant 侍 shì to serve, attend upon, wait on someone 侠 xiá a chivalrous person or act of helping the oppressed through personal strength 侣 lǚ companion; partner 侥 jiǎo 见"侥幸": to gain benefit or avoid misfortune by chance 侦 zhēn to spy; to secretly investigate or scout 侨 qiáo to reside abroad 侮 wǔ to bully, to treat with contempt 侵 qīn to invade, to encroach on others' rights 俊 jùn handsome; good-looking (opposite of ugly) 俏 qiào handsome; good-looking; nimble and graceful 俘 fú prisoner of war; captive 俭 jiǎn frugal, thrifty (opposite of 奢) 俯 fǔ to bow one's head, face downward (opposite of 仰) 倔 juè straightforward in character, blunt in speech 倘 tǎng if; supposing that 倚 yǐ to lean against 倦 juàn tired, weary 债 zhài debt (money owed to others) 偏 piān not straight; off-center; tilted (opposite of 正) 僚 liáo government official 僧 sēng Buddhist monk 僵 jiāng stiff, rigid (of limbs) 僻 pì remote, far from the center
4.2 叚 xiá — a surname
叚 is a component in 3 characters
HSK 3
假 jiǎ false; fake; not genuine, opposite of "真"
HSK 7
瑕 xiá flaw or blemish in jade; fig. defect or shortcoming 霞 xiá rosy clouds; colorful glow in the sky at sunrise or sunset

Stroke order